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Additional 100 billion？ China is not afraid of Trump’s ＂tariff violence.＂

　　On April 5, US President Trump issued a statement saying that he had instructed the US Trade Representative to consider whether it was appropriate to impose tariffs on $100 billion of China goods under Section 301. Earlier, based on the results of the "301 Survey", the Office of the US Trade Representative announced on the 3rd a list of China’s proposed goods to be subject to additional tariffs, involving the import of goods worth about $50 billion from China every year. In this regard, China immediately imposed tariffs on some products imported from the United States, and took countermeasures of the same scale, amount and intensity. This shows that the Sino-US trade friction has escalated sharply into a conflict, and the Sino-US trade war will be on the verge.

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　　However, interestingly, after Trump’s ravings, White House officials rushed to "put out the fire", first helping to explain that Trump’s $100 billion should refer to the value of imported goods rather than the total tax collection. US Trade Representative Wright Heze also immediately issued a personal statement saying that "none of the additional tariffs will take effect immediately". In fact, in the past two days, Kudla, Trump’s new chief economic adviser, and other US government officials have been trying to reduce the fear of a trade war in the United States, saying that the United States may still reach an agreement with China. It can be seen that even Trump’s ruling team is weak, contradictory and difficult to justify.

　　Mutual "sanctions" are equal to mutual harm. As we all know, in the era of economic globalization, any form of trade war will fundamentally violate the basic principles of economics, the principle of trade liberalization pursued by the international community and the basic laws of the international economy.

　　Especially in today’s world with rapid development of informationization and networking, international trade is basically trading and developing with each other by giving full play to the comparative advantages or factor endowments of various countries. As the largest developed country in the United States, the service industry has long accounted for more than 70% of its development, while China, as a country with a short start of industrialization, has processing trade as the main form of export, and the use of cheap labor to produce low value-added products is the characteristic of China’s foreign trade. In a certain period of time, the formation of trade imbalance is mainly caused by different international division of labor, different industrial structures and different positions of global value chains, as well as different statistical methods between China and the United States (according to estimates by relevant departments, the trade deficit with China calculated by the United States is basically overestimated by about 20%), so it is unnecessary to "add fists and feet" to solve this problem.

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　　"Sanctions" cannot change the development strategy of other countries. From the list of products restricted by the United States to China, it can be seen that the main goal of the United States is not only to solve the trade imbalance problem, but also to attack the strategic goal of "Made in China 2025" that China is vigorously promoting the development of high-tech industries with an eye to the future.

　　The Trump administration’s move can only be an idiotic dream and a bamboo basket. Historically, in the process of Japan’s rapid post-war economic development, Japan-US trade friction has always accompanied it. The trade war between Japan and the United States lasted from the 1960s to the early 1990s. From textiles to steel, from color TV to automobiles, from semiconductors to telecommunications, six major industries were basically fought. To the surprise of the US government, no industry in Japan was repelled in the US-Japan trade war. Except for some products in Japan, which achieved "independent restrictions", Japan not only greatly promoted the structural adjustment of some industries, but also accelerated the "gorgeous turn". For example, in the home appliance industry, major Japanese manufacturers have shifted from consumer-oriented to enterprise-oriented clients; The automobile industry has become more and more brave, and it still occupies the position of an important exporter of family cars in the world. Japan’s falling into the "lost 20 years" trough is not caused by the trade friction between Japan and the United States, but the result of Japan’s own macro-control policy mistakes.

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　　The United States has held high the "301" stick for many times in history, but today’s determination and strength of China are destined to make this dispute different from any trade conflict provoked by the United States in the past. The biggest difference between China and other countries is that China has a vast territory and a large population. China is not simply an "export-oriented" country like Japan, but an economy where domestic demand is becoming the main driving force of economic development. China’s industrial transformation and upgrading will not be interrupted by a trade war triggered by the United States, and the development goal of Made in China 2025 will never end because of a trade war. On the contrary, due to external pressure, the government and people of China will make greater efforts to assess the situation and make concerted efforts, so as to make the big ship of China’s economy run more steadily and better in the storm.

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　　In response to the US statement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce of China have indicated that China will accompany us to the end and will resolutely fight back at any cost. It can be said that China’s response not only reflects China’s confidence and confidence in the Sino-US trade conflict, but also warns the Trump administration with oriental culture that China is not afraid of any threats, let alone "tariff violence", if China is pushed to the opposite side.

　　(Global Critical Special Commentator,Director, Institute of World Economics, China Institute of International Studies　Jiang yuechun)

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Opinions of General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Transformation of Agricultural Development Mode

General Office of the State Council about
Opinions on accelerating the transformation of agricultural development mode

Guo Ban Fa [2015] No.59 　　

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:
　　In recent years, China’s grain production has increased "11 consecutive years", farmers’ income has continued to grow rapidly, and agricultural and rural economic development has made great achievements, which has provided strong support for sustained and healthy economic and social development. At present, China’s economic development has entered a new normal, and agricultural development is facing new challenges such as the ceiling of agricultural product prices, the rise of production costs and the intensification of "hard constraints" on resources and environment. It is urgent to speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode. With the consent of the State Council, we hereby put forward the following opinions.
　　I. General requirements
　　(1) Guiding ideology.Fully implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, take the transformation of agricultural development mode as the fundamental way to accelerate agricultural modernization at present and in the future, focus on developing various forms of moderate-scale agricultural operation, focus on building modern agricultural management system, production system and industrial system, and strive to transform agricultural management mode, production mode, resource utilization mode and management mode. Promote agricultural development from quantitative growth to equal emphasis on quantity, quality and efficiency, from relying mainly on material factors to relying on scientific and technological innovation and improving the quality of workers, from relying on extensive management of resource consumption to sustainable development, and take the road of modern agricultural development with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.
　　(2) Basic principles.
　　Adhere to the enhancement of grain production capacity as the primary premise.Adhere to the red line of cultivated land, so that the area does not decrease, the quality does not decline, and the use does not change. We will steadily increase the grain production capacity, ensure that the rice bowl is firmly in our own hands at all times, and lay a solid foundation for transforming the agricultural development mode.
　　Adhere to improving quality and efficiency as the main direction.Guided by market demand, we should adapt to the changes in residents’ consumption structure, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure, seek efficiency from scale operation, benefit from the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and profit from brand operation, and comprehensively promote cost reduction, quality improvement and efficiency improvement.
　　Insist on promoting sustainable development as an important content.Based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, optimize the distribution of agricultural productive forces, strengthen the governance of outstanding problems in agricultural environment, and promote the sustainable utilization of resources.
　　Insist on promoting reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force.Break the dependence of traditional agricultural development path, comprehensively deepen rural reform, accelerate agricultural scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation, improve the price formation mechanism of important agricultural products such as grain, and activate various agricultural production factors.
　　Adhere to respect for farmers’ dominant position as the basic principle.Respect farmers’ wishes, safeguard farmers’ rights and interests, and give full play to the role of the government to protect and mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm on the basis of giving full play to the role of the market mechanism.
　　(3) Main objectives.
　　By 2020, positive progress will be made in transforming the mode of agricultural development. Moderate scale operation of various forms of agriculture has been accelerated, the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been steadily improved, the industrial structure has been gradually optimized, the level of agricultural resources utilization and ecological environment protection has been continuously improved, the conditions of material, technology and equipment have been significantly improved, and farmers’ income has been continuously increased, providing important support for building a well-off society in an all-round way.
　　By 2030, the transformation of agricultural development mode has achieved remarkable results. High-quality and safe products, efficient utilization of agricultural resources, good ecological environment of producing areas, organic integration of industrial development, obvious improvement of agricultural quality and efficiency, and remarkable enhancement of competitiveness.
　　Two, enhance the grain production capacity, improve the level of food security.
　　(4) Accelerate the construction of high-standard farmland.On the platform of high-standard farmland construction, we will integrate the paid land use fees for newly-increased construction land, funds for comprehensive agricultural development, funds for modern agricultural production development, subsidies for the construction of irrigation and water conservancy facilities, funds for soil testing and formula fertilization, investment in the continuous construction of large irrigation areas and water-saving renovation, and investment in the planning of adding 100 billion Jin of grain production capacity, etc., make overall use of funds, and concentrate on the construction of land leveling, irrigation and water conservancy, soil improvement, tractor-ploughing roads, supporting power grid forest networks, etc., and put them into storage in a unified way by 2020 There are plans to promote the transformation of low-and medium-yield fields, improve agricultural production conditions, and enhance the ability to resist natural disasters. Explore the establishment of an effective mechanism, encourage financial institutions to support the construction of high-standard farmland and the transformation of low-and medium-yield farmland, and guide all kinds of new agricultural business entities to actively participate. In accordance with the principle of "who benefits, who protects", clear the main body of responsibility, establish a reward and punishment mechanism, and implement management and protection measures.
　　(5) Effectively strengthen the protection of cultivated land.Implement the strictest farmland protection system, speed up the demarcation of permanent basic farmland, and ensure that basic farmland is put into households, put into storage as shown in the above picture, and share information. Improve the legal system for the protection of cultivated land quality, and study and formulate national standards for cultivated land quality grades. Improve the compensation mechanism for farmland protection. Give full play to the role of national land inspectors, adhere to both quantity and quality, strengthen the construction of land inspectors, implement supervision responsibilities, and focus on strengthening the quality protection of cultivated land in Northeast China and other regions. We will carry out actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land, carry out the comprehensive management of degraded cultivated land, the prevention and control of contaminated cultivated land, the protection and improvement of soil fertility, and the monitoring of cultivated land quality in different regions, carry out pilot projects for the protection and utilization of black land in Northeast China, gradually expand the pilot projects for the treatment of cultivated land contaminated by heavy metals and the adjustment of planting structure, and comprehensively promote the stripping and reuse of soil in the cultivated land occupied by construction.
　　(6) Actively promote the construction of grain production bases.In combination with the demarcation of permanent basic farmland, we will explore the establishment of grain production functional zones, give priority to building a number of high-quality and efficient grain production bases in the main rice and wheat producing areas such as the Northeast, the Huang-Huai-Hai and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and implement the grain production capacity to the fields. Increase the fiscal balance transfer payment, and the funds for agriculture-related projects should be tilted to the main grain producing areas. Vigorously carry out the activities of creating high-yield grain, popularize the green yield-increasing model, and improve the yield per unit area. Guide enterprises to actively participate in the construction of grain production bases and develop production and circulation services in pre-,mid-and post-natal links. Strengthen the construction of grain drying and storage facilities.
　　Third, innovate the agricultural management mode and extend the agricultural industrial chain
　　(7) Cultivate and expand new agricultural business entities.Gradually expand the scale of agricultural projects such as comprehensive agricultural development and central infrastructure investment undertaken by new agricultural business entities. Support farmers’ cooperatives to build cold chain logistics facilities for agricultural products processing and storage, and allow the assets formed by financial subsidies to be transferred to farmers’ cooperatives for holding and management. Encourage and guide grain and other bulk agricultural products storage and processing enterprises to provide services such as order purchase, baking and storage for new agricultural business entities. Implement the policy of land use for production of new agricultural management entities. Study and reform the agricultural subsidy system, so that the subsidy funds will be tilted to new agricultural business entities such as grain farmers and family farms. Support the main body of grain production scale operation to carry out marketing loan pilot. Innovate financial services, include new agricultural business entities in the credit evaluation scope of banking financial institutions, implement incentive measures such as loan priority under the same conditions for those with higher credit ratings, and provide comprehensive credit to those who meet the conditions; Explore the pilot projects of mortgage loans for rural contracted land management rights and financial leasing of large-scale agricultural machinery, actively promote the mortgage of factories and fishing boats, the pledge of production orders and agricultural policies, and broaden the scope of collateral; Support new agricultural business entities to use derivatives such as futures and options for risk management; Guide the establishment and improvement of the agricultural credit guarantee system supported by finance throughout the country, and provide credit guarantee and risk compensation for the loans of the main business entities of grain production scale; Encourage commercial insurance institutions to develop multi-grade and high-security insurance products that meet the needs of new agricultural business entities, and explore pilot projects such as output value insurance and target price insurance.
　　(eight) to promote various forms of moderate scale operation of agriculture.We will steadily carry out the registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights. All localities should take measures such as financial awards and subsidies, support various forms of moderate-scale agricultural operation and development, and guide farmers to transfer contracted land by subcontracting, leasing, exchanging, transferring and shareholding according to law. Where conditions permit, under the premise of insisting on agricultural land use and resolutely preventing "non-agriculturalization", arable land can be unified and arranged one after another according to farmers’ wishes, so as to minimize the ridge, expand the area of cultivated land and improve the level of mechanized operation. Take financial support, credit support and other measures to speed up the cultivation of agricultural business service organizations, carry out pilot projects for the government to purchase agricultural public welfare services, and actively promote cooperative, trusteeship and order-based service forms. Support supply and marketing cooperatives to carry out agricultural socialization services and accelerate the formation of a comprehensive, large-scale and sustainable service system for agriculture. Summarize and promote typical cases of moderate scale operation of various forms of agriculture, and give full play to its demonstration and driving role. On the basis of insisting on collective ownership of rural land and fully respecting farmers’ wishes, we will steadily carry out a pilot project of paid withdrawal of farmers’ contracted land in the rural reform pilot area, and guide farmers who have stable non-agricultural employment income and have lived in cities and towns for a long time to voluntarily withdraw from the right to contracted land management.
　　(9) Vigorously develop agricultural industrialization.We should organically combine the development of various forms of moderate-scale agricultural operation with the extension of agricultural industrial chain, encourage farmers to develop large-scale breeding, agricultural product processing and rural service industries through cooperation and alliance based on resource advantages, and carry out pilot projects for farmers to share shares in farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization with land management rights, so that farmers can share the value-added benefits of industrial chain. Enrich and improve the financial incentive mechanism for leading enterprises to link agriculture with agriculture, encourage leading enterprises to provide technical training, loan guarantee, agricultural insurance funding and other services for farmers, and vigorously develop the production and marketing docking model of one village, one product and village-enterprise interaction; Establish a demonstration base for agricultural industrialization, promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries such as raw material production, processing logistics and marketing, and promote the value-added benefits of the industrial chain to stay in the place of origin and leave them to farmers. Support agricultural industrialization demonstration bases to develop public service platforms such as technology research and development, quality inspection and logistics information. Designate a certain proportion from the national technical transformation fund projects to support the transformation and upgrading of leading enterprises.
　　(ten) to accelerate the development of agricultural products processing industry.Expand the scale, implementation area and variety scope of subsidies for primary processing of agricultural products. In-depth implementation of the promotion of staple food processing, and promote the development of staple food products such as potatoes. Support the upgrading of intensive processing equipment, build a number of agricultural product processing technology integration bases, and improve the level of intensive processing of agricultural products. Support grain-saving technological transformation of grain and oil processing enterprises and carry out pilot projects for comprehensive utilization of by-products. Strengthen the construction of standardized pig slaughtering system and support the integrated operation of slaughtering and processing enterprises.
　　(eleven) innovative agricultural marketing services. Strengthen the construction of national and regional agricultural products producing markets, increase agricultural products promotion support, and enhance farmers’ marketing ability. Cultivate new circulation formats, vigorously develop agricultural e-commerce, formulate and implement agricultural e-commerce application technology training plans, guide all kinds of agricultural business entities to connect with e-commerce enterprises, and promote the development of logistics and distribution, cold chain facilities and equipment. Accelerate the development of e-commerce in supply and marketing cooperatives. Actively promote the auction of agricultural products.
　　(twelve) actively develop a variety of functions of agriculture.Strengthen planning guidance, study and formulate land use, finance and financial support policies to promote the development of leisure agriculture and rural tourism, increase support for the construction of supporting public facilities, strengthen the training of employees, strengthen the creativity of experience activities, agricultural landscape design, local cultural development, and enhance service capabilities. Maintain traditional rural features, inherit farming culture, strengthen the excavation and protection of important agricultural cultural heritage, and support the construction of a number of scenic tourist villages and towns with historical, regional and ethnic characteristics. Improve the level of leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration, and increase the promotion of beautiful countryside.
　　Four, deepen the adjustment of agricultural structure, and promote the coordinated development of breeding industry.
　　(thirteen) vigorously promote crop rotation and intercropping.Support the development of ecological compound planting according to local conditions, scientifically and rationally utilize cultivated land resources, and promote the combination of land cultivation and land cultivation. Focus on the promotion of corn/soybean (peanut) rotation in Northeast China, corn/peanut (soybean) intercropping in Huang-Huai-Hai region, double cropping rice-green manure or rice-rape planting in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, corn/soybean intercropping in Southwest China and corn/potato (soybean) rotation in Northwest China.
　　(fourteen) to encourage the development of circular agriculture.Facing the market demand, we will speed up the construction of a modern forage industry system, carry out pilot projects of subsidies for planting and promoting high-quality forage materials, guide the development of high-quality forage materials such as silage corn and alfalfa, and improve the comparative benefits of planting. We will increase support for the conversion of food crops into forage crops, and support the pilot projects in arid areas, high-cold and high-latitude corn planting areas, groundwater over-exploitation funnel areas in North China and rocky desertification areas in South China. Overall consideration of planting and breeding scale and environmental absorptive capacity, and actively carry out the pilot demonstration of planting and breeding combined with circular agriculture. Develop modern fishery, carry out demonstration of comprehensive planting and breeding technology in paddy fields, and popularize new models of comprehensive planting and breeding technology such as rice-fishery symbiosis and aquaponics.
　　(fifteen) actively develop herbivorous animal husbandry.To promote the production of safe and green animal products according to the changes of residents’ dietary structure and nutritional needs. We will carry out pilot experiments on the development of modern herbivorous animal husbandry in different regions, and carry out pioneering explorations in the adjustment of planting and breeding structure, moderate scale operation and cultivation, financial and credit support, and improvement of grassland contract management system. Vigorously promote standardized scale breeding of herbivorous livestock, focus on disease prevention and control, accelerate the popularization of advanced and applicable technology models, focus on supporting the development of ecological recycling animal husbandry, and guide the formation of a new industrial structure for breeding in pastoral areas and fattening in agricultural areas. Implement the financial incentive and subsidy policy for cattle and sheep breeding counties.
　　Five, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, fight the battle of agricultural non-point source pollution control.
　　(sixteen) vigorously develop water-saving agriculture.Implement the strictest water resources management system, and gradually establish agricultural irrigation water consumption control and quota management system. Further improve farmland irrigation and drainage facilities, speed up the continuous construction and water-saving transformation of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, update and transform large and medium-sized irrigation and drainage pumping stations, promote the construction of new irrigation areas and small farmland water conservancy projects, and expand the effective irrigation area of farmland. Vigorously develop water-saving irrigation and fully implement regional large-scale and efficient water-saving irrigation. Carry out demonstration of water-saving agriculture in different regions, improve water-saving facilities and equipment in the field, and actively promote drought-resistant and water-saving varieties, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation, integration of water and fertilizer, deep ploughing and subsoiling, circulating aquaculture and other technologies. Actively promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices, rationally adjust agricultural water prices, and establish a precise subsidy mechanism. Carry out the investigation of fishery resources and environment, increase the intensity of proliferation and release, and strengthen the construction of marine pastures. Coordinate the promotion of water ecological protection and governance in river basins, increase support for comprehensive management of agricultural non-point source pollution, and carry out comprehensive prevention and control demonstrations of agricultural non-point source pollution in lakes and reservoirs such as Taihu Lake, Erhai Lake, Chaohu Lake, Dongting Lake and Three Gorges Reservoir Area.
　　(seventeen) the implementation of zero growth of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.Adhere to the reduction of chemical fertilizers to improve efficiency, pesticide reduction to control harm, establish and improve the incentive mechanism, and strive to achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and increase the utilization rate to over 40% by 2020. In-depth implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization, expand the use of formula fertilizer, encourage agricultural socialization service organizations to provide formula fertilization services to farmers, and support new agricultural business entities to use formula fertilizer. Explore the implementation of a reasonable ratio plan of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, encourage farmers to apply more organic fertilizer, support the development of new fertilizers such as high-efficiency slow (controlled) release fertilizer, and improve the proportion of organic fertilizer application and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Strengthen the management of pesticide use, strengthen source management, and standardize farmers’ use of pesticides. Fully implement the fixed-point management of highly toxic pesticides and establish a traceability system for highly toxic pesticides. We will carry out pilot projects for the use of low-toxic and low-residue pesticides, increase subsidies for high-efficiency large and medium-sized medical equipment, and promote accurate application and scientific use of drugs. Encourage agricultural socialized service organizations to provide guidance and services for farmers to use pesticides.
　　(eighteen) to promote the resource utilization of agricultural waste.Implement the environmental impact assessment system for large-scale livestock and poultry breeding. Start the demonstration project of agricultural waste resource utilization. Promote the integrated development model of large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, biogas production and farmyard manure production, support large-scale farms (districts) to carry out comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and support the construction of livestock and poultry manure treatment facilities; Promote the transformation and upgrading of rural biogas projects and carry out pilot projects for large-scale biogas production; Guide and encourage farmers to use livestock manure to accumulate farmyard manure. Support the demonstration of new technologies, such as straw collection machinery returning to the field, green and yellow storage for feed, microbial decay and curing carbonization, and accelerate the construction of straw collection, storage and transportation system. Expand the application of dry farming technology and support the use of thickened or degradable agricultural films; Carry out regional plastic film recycling and comprehensive utilization, support the construction of a number of waste agricultural film recycling and processing outlets, and encourage enterprises to recycle waste agricultural films. Accelerate the research and development and application of degradable agricultural films. Accelerate the establishment of a collection and treatment system for pesticide packaging waste.
　　Six, strengthen agricultural science and technology innovation, improve the level of scientific and technological equipment and the quality of workers.
　　(nineteen) to strengthen the independent innovation of agricultural science and technology.In accordance with the overall requirements of deepening the reform of science and technology system, we will further promote the reform of agricultural science and technology management system and improve innovation efficiency. Promote the construction of agricultural science and technology collaborative innovation alliance. Accelerate the construction of agricultural science and technology innovation capacity, start key scientific research projects in the agricultural field according to procedures, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in agricultural science and technology, and strive to break through common key technologies such as efficient utilization of agricultural resources and ecological environment restoration. Explore and improve the incentive mechanism for the distribution of rights and interests of scientific research achievements. Build a cloud platform for agricultural science and technology services to improve the efficiency of agricultural technology extension services. We will further promote the rural science and technology entrepreneurship of science and technology commissioners, speed up the entry of science and technology into villages and households, and let farmers master more agricultural science and technology knowledge.
　　(twenty) deepen the reform of the seed industry system.On the basis of summarizing and perfecting the pilot work of the reform of the rights and interests distribution of seed scientific research achievements, gradually expand the scope of the pilot; We will improve the system of sharing achievements, improve the flow mechanism of scientific and technological resources and talents in seed industry to enterprises, and make seed enterprises bigger and stronger. The national financial research funds will be increased for basic public welfare research, and gradually reduced for agricultural research institutes and universities to carry out commercial breeding. Implement the modern seed industry upgrading project, strengthen the construction of national germplasm resources system, new plant variety testing system and regional variety testing system, increase the protection of germplasm resources, and improve the plant variety database. We will implement the policy of financial incentives and subsidies for major counties in grain crop seed production, actively promote the construction of three national breeding and seed production bases in Hainan, Gansu and Sichuan, and plan to build a number of regional breeding and seed production bases.
　　(twenty-one) promote the mechanization of agricultural production.Appropriately expand the pilot project of subsidy for subsoiling and soil preparation of agricultural machinery, vigorously promote conservation tillage technology, carry out full-scale mechanized demonstration of grain, cotton, oil and sugar production, and build a full-scale mechanized production technology system for major crops. We will improve the research and development support policies of agricultural mechanization technology and equipment suitable for China’s national conditions, focus on the mechanization of weak links, promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and promote the integrated application of technologies such as engineering, biology, information and environment. Explore and improve the implementation methods of agricultural machinery scrapping and updating subsidies.
　　(twenty-two) to accelerate the development of agricultural informatization.Carry out "internet plus" modern agricultural action. Encourage Internet companies to establish agricultural service platforms and strengthen the connection between production and marketing. Promote the mature and reproducible application mode of agricultural Internet of Things, and develop precise production methods. Vigorously implement the regional pilot project of agricultural Internet of Things, and accelerate the demonstration application of Internet of Things in facilities gardening, livestock and poultry aquaculture, quality and safety traceability and other fields. Strengthen the construction of the Internet of Things in the field of grain storage and transportation supervision. Support the research and development of a number of practical information technologies and products to improve the level of agricultural intelligence and precision. Strengthen the comprehensive agricultural information service capacity, improve the monitoring and early warning level of agricultural production factors, resources and environment, supply demand, cost and income, promote the application of agricultural big data, and improve the agricultural information release system. Vigorously implement the project of information entering villages and households, and study and formulate policies to support agricultural informatization. Accelerate the construction of a national rural informatization demonstration province.
　　(twenty-three) vigorously cultivate new professional farmers.Accelerate the establishment of a new professional farmer cultivation system with education and training, standardized management and policy support. Establish a public welfare farmer training system, carry out the new professional farmer training project in depth, and promote the farmers’ continuing education project. Strengthen the capacity building of farmers’ education and training system, deepen the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation and group-run schools, and promote the connection between academic qualifications, skills and entrepreneurship training. Encourage migrant workers and vocational college graduates to return to their hometowns to start businesses, and implement the modern young farmer plan and the rural practical talent training plan.
　　Seven, improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products, to ensure "safety on the tip of the tongue".
　　(twenty-four) the full implementation of agricultural standardized production.Strengthen agricultural standardization and improve the extension and service system. Accelerate the formulation and revision of pesticide and veterinary drug residue standards, formulate and promote a number of simple and easy-to-understand production technology operating procedures, continue to promote the construction of agricultural standardization demonstration zones, horticultural crop standard parks, livestock and poultry standardization demonstration sites and aquaculture demonstration sites, support new agricultural business entities to take the lead in standardized production, and realize the standardization of production facilities, processes and products. Actively promote production reduction and cleaner production technology, standardize production behavior, control the residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs, and purify the environment of producing areas.
　　(twenty-five) to promote the construction of agricultural brand.Strengthen policy guidance, create a fair and orderly market competition environment, carry out agricultural brand building and cultivation, promotion and marketing, and social publicity, and strive to create a number of influential agricultural brands with cultural connotations to enhance the value-added space. Encourage enterprises to register trademarks in the international market, and increase the overseas protection of trademarks and brand cultivation. Give play to the role of relevant industry associations, strengthen industry self-discipline and standardize enterprise behavior.
　　(twenty-six) to improve the quality and safety supervision ability of agricultural products.Carry out the activities of establishing quality and safety counties for agricultural products, and explore the establishment of effective supervision mechanisms and models. Strengthen the supervision of agricultural inputs according to law and crack down on all kinds of illegal additions. We will carry out pilot projects to trace the quality and safety of agricultural products, give priority to the inclusion of new agricultural business entities in the pilot scope, explore the establishment of quality certification and quality and safety traceability systems for producing areas, and promote the export of producing areas and market access. Establish a traceability information system for agricultural product quality and safety supervision, and promote the interconnection of various traceability platforms and the sharing of regulatory information. Strengthen environmental monitoring of agricultural products producing areas and agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring, and strengthen safety management of producing areas. Support the construction of harmless treatment facilities for sick and dead livestock and poultry, and accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism for operation. Strengthen the capacity building of agricultural law enforcement and supervision, improve the conditions of comprehensive agricultural law enforcement, and steadily increase financial support.
　　Eight, strengthen international cooperation in agriculture, and co-ordinate the two resources in the international and domestic markets.
　　(twenty-seven) to promote international capacity cooperation.Expand agricultural cooperation with countries and key regions along the "Belt and Road" and promote foreign cooperation in advantageous production capacity such as agricultural equipment and means of production. Improve the inter-ministerial joint meeting system of agricultural foreign cooperation. While making full use of the existing policy channels, we should study the supporting policies for agricultural foreign cooperation and accelerate the cultivation of internationally competitive agricultural enterprise groups. Actively guide foreign investors to invest in modern agriculture.
　　(twenty-eight) to strengthen the regulation of agricultural trade.Actively support the export of advantageous agricultural products. Improve the import control mechanism of agricultural products, improve the management of state-owned trade and tariff quotas of important agricultural products, grasp the import scale and pace, and make rational and effective use of the international market. Accelerate the construction of a global monitoring, early warning and analysis system for important agricultural products, build a basic data platform, and establish a medium-and long-term forecasting model and a graded early warning and response mechanism.
　　Nine, strengthen organizational leadership
　　(twenty-nine) to implement local responsibilities.The people’s governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should improve their understanding of the importance, complexity and long-term nature of changing the mode of agricultural development, enhance their sense of urgency and consciousness, strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, implement their work responsibilities, improve their working mechanisms, and effectively implement various tasks and measures; According to the requirements of this opinion, combined with local conditions, formulate specific implementation plans.
　　(30) Strengthen departmental cooperation.The Ministry of Agriculture should strengthen the organization and guidance on the transformation of agricultural development mode, closely track the progress of the work, and sum up and popularize the experience in time. The Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance should strengthen support for major policies, major projects and major projects. People’s Bank of China, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission should actively implement financial support policies. The Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and other departments should promptly introduce relevant supporting policies in accordance with the division of responsibilities.

the General Office of the State Council　　　　　　
July 30, 2015　　　

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Omicron vaccine research and development is carried out by many technical routes in China.

　　Feng Zijian, executive vice president and secretary general of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, said that the real-world research on the preventive effect of domestic vaccines inoculated in Hong Kong and mainland China showed that Chinese vaccines still had a good protective effect on severe illness and death caused by Omicron mutant.

　　Feng Zijian introduced that at present, many technical routes in China have developed univalent and multivalent Omicron mutant vaccines. The univalent inactivated vaccine of Omicron mutant has been approved by clinical trials, and clinical trials are being carried out in Zhejiang, Hunan and Hongkong. The tetravalent recombinant protein vaccine, which has made rapid progress, has been approved for phase III clinical trial in UAE, and related research has been started. In addition, the research on broad-spectrum COVID-19 vaccine has been laid out, and the vaccine with rapid progress has been approved for clinical trials, and related research has been started.

　　Generally speaking, the research and development of Omicron mutant vaccine in China is progressing steadily and rapidly. As long as it is necessary and in accordance with the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, emergency use procedures can be quickly started to provide vaccination. As to whether and when to vaccinate the vaccine specifically targeting Omicron mutant, this issue is being studied not only in China but also internationally, mainly to judge the situation of virus mutation and immune escape. (Reporter Gu Tiancheng, Dong Ruifeng)

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Notice of the General Office of Emergency Management Department on Printing and Distributing the Outline of Occupational Qualification Examination for Intermediate Registered Safety Engineers and the

General Office of Emergency Management Department on Issuing

Outline of Vocational Qualification Examination for Intermediate Registered Safety Engineer

Notice of the Outline of the Professional Qualification Examination for Junior Registered Safety Engineers

Emergency room [2019] No.43

In order to do a good job in the professional qualification examination of intermediate and junior registered safety engineers, in accordance with the provisions of the professional qualification system of registered safety engineers and the implementation measures of the professional qualification examination of registered safety engineers (emergency [2019〕eightNo.), the Emergency Management Department organized the compilation of the Outline of the Professional Qualification Examination for Intermediate Registered Safety Engineers and the Outline of the Professional Qualification Examination for Junior Registered Safety Engineers, which were approved by the Ministry of Commerce, Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Transport and approved by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and are now issued for implementation.

Attachment:

1.Outline of occupation qualification examination for intermediate registered safety engineer

2.Outline of professional qualification examination for junior registered safety engineer

General office of emergency management department

2019yearfourmoon19sun

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North American box office： ＂Neptune＂ won three consecutive titles and ＂Escape from the Chamber of Secrets＂ had a surprise.

1905 movie network news　In the first week of 2019 (01.04-01.06), the box office revenue in North America totaled 136 million US dollars, down 27.2% from the previous week. "Neptune" entered the third week of painting and firmly dominated the top position. It captured 30.7 million US dollars in three days last weekend. At present, the total box office in North America is 259.7 million US dollars, and the global box office is 940 million US dollars. The new horror film Escape from the Chamber of Secrets, which is suitable for children at the beginning of this year, unexpectedly made a first-week success of $18 million. It is considered as a distorted version of Saw for children. The media said that it was "an amusement park experience" and "most of it was very enjoyable", and it is expected that the final box office will reach $45 million. On the other hand, The Dragon Trainer 3, which Universal Pictures is looking forward to, has been slowly opening around the world since last week. In the first week, it won US$ 4.7 million and US$ 500,000 at the box office in Australia and New Zealand respectively, and the release date of the film in North America will be February 22.


ranking

film

Weekend box office

(USD)

Cumulative box office

(USD)

Number of release weeks

this week

last week

one

one

Aquaman

30.7 million

259.7 million

three

2

new

Escape Room

18 million

18 million

one

three

2

Happy Man 2

15.77 million

138.7 million

three

four

four

Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse

13.01 million

133.8 million

four

five

three

Bumblebee

12.77 million

97.12 million

three

six

five

Mule

9.04 million

81.1 million

four

seven

six

Vice president

5.83 million

29.79 million

2

eight

eight

Reinventing life

4.91 million

32.94 million

three

nine

nine

Invincible Destroyer 2: Make a scene on the Internet

4.68 million

187.1 million

seven

10

seven

Sherlock Holmes and Watson

3.4 million

28.41 million

2

11

13

Bohemian Rhapsody

2.4 million

193.6 million

10

twelve

11

Queen Mary

2.2 million

13.48 million

five

Source: boxofficemojo


The North American evaluation of Escape from the Chamber of Secrets is acceptable.


The amusement park thriller "Escape from the Chamber of Secrets" surprises "Dragon Master 3" slowly opens around the world.


Recommended star rating for Escape from the Chamber of Secrets: ★★★★

　

Last week, the only new film that made the top 12 list was the opening-year horror film Escape from the Chamber of Secrets from Sony Pictures. Last weekend, it earned 18 million US dollars in 2,717 theaters in North America, and the film cost was only 9 million US dollars. Escape from the Chamber of Secrets is the work of the new director Adam Robitel. His earlier directorial works include Hidden 4: Death. This time, Escape from the Chamber of Secrets tells that six strangers are invited to participate in a game, and the winner. The film is regarded as a distorted version of Saw for children, and it is estimated that the final North American box office of the film will sprint 45 million dollars. However, in two weeks, M Knight Shamalan’s new work Mr. Glass (the sequel to Split) will be released, which is expected to have a strong impact on Escape from the Chamber of Secrets.

　

At present, the cinema score of the film is B, IMDb score is 6.4, MTC49 score is 49, and the freshness of rotten tomatoes is 53%. The Los Angeles Times said: "Most of the films are very pleasant, but the logic is very bad, so it only needs you to enjoy the present and don’t think too much about it." The San Francisco Chronicle has a similar view: "Escape from the Chamber of Secrets is an amusement park. You have no reason to ask for more, and it has not done more — — For example, it sublimates a type of flow. But we must know that people like playgrounds for no reason. " The film will also be opened in mainland China on January 18th.

　

Another new North American film worth mentioning is Universal Pictures’ Dragon Trainer 3, which started painting in Australia and New Zealand last week, earning $4.7 million and $500,000 respectively, and will be painted in Indonesia, Norway and Lebanon next week. The release date of the film in North America will be February 22. The first two How to Train Your Dragon series grossed $217 million and $177 million respectively in North America.


Neptune’s box office is amazing.

　

Old film: Neptune has a global box office of 940 million, and the stamina of Happy Man 2 is gradually showing.

　

In terms of old films, Neptune, which was unstoppable, continued to take in $30.7 million in the third week of its opening in North America, and the total box office in North America reached $256 million, which exceeded the total box office of Captain America 2 in 2014, Batman in 1989 and Men in Black in 1997. It will soon surpass amazing spider-man’s $262 million in 2012 and Superman Story’s $261 million in 2004. It is estimated that the domestic box office in North America will eventually exceed $300 million, and Neptune will still be the most "big name" movie in the cinema before The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part is painted on February 8. At present, the global box office of Neptune has reached 940 million dollars.

　

Disney’s "Happy Man 2" continued to earn $15.77 million last week, and the local box office reached $138.7 million in 19 days. The trend is very optimistic. Looking back at the decline in the first week of painting, the current development trend shows its hard-working long-term box office strategy. If it can be nominated for an Oscar for best actress or best film, it is expected to fan the flames and win another wave of box office. Sony’s Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse continued to be involved in the fourth week of painting, with a total domestic box office of $133 million and a total global box office of $275 million. Compared with its production cost of $90 million, it is already full.


This week’s outlook:　A dog’s way home, "Up",Human cloningwait for


This weekend (01.11-01.13), a dog’s way home, the American version of Out of Reach, and the Chinese and foreign sci-fi film Clone will be widely opened in North America. In addition, the lecture about the legendary female judge Ruth Bader Ginsberg’s "Gender-oriented" has been extended to 2,000 cinemas, and the Spanish version of "Perfect Stranger" will also be opened in 125 cinemas in North America.

　

A Dog’s Way Home is a companion piece of last year’s A Dog’s Purpose, which tells the story of Bella, a dog, crossing 400 miles to find her way home after she got lost. Last year, the production cost of "A Dog’s Purpose" was only $22 million, and it earned $64.5 million at the box office in North America and $205 million at the global box office, which obviously made the film and television companies taste the sweetness. STX Entertainment’s "Up" is a remake of the French blockbuster "Out of Reach" in 2011, starring "Old White" Bryan Cranston and black comedy star kevin hart. It was shown at the Toronto Film Festival in 2017, but the director emphasized at that time that it was not the final version, and the film will open in about 3,000 theaters in North America this weekend. Finally, the sci-fi movie "Clone" starring Keanu Reeves will also be opened in North America next week. The film was released in China as early as November 23 last year, but its box office and reputation are very average. The film will be opened in 2,500 theaters in North America this weekend.


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National Health Commission： Start deploying the sequential booster immunization of COVID-19 vaccine! Attached is ＂Eight Questions and Eight Answers on Vaccination in COVID-19＂

　　

　　On February 19th, the State Council Joint Defense and Control Mechanism held a press conference. At the meeting, Wu Liangyou, deputy director of the CDC of the National Health and Wellness Commission, said that recently, with the approval of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council, the National Health and Wellness Commission has started to deploy sequential enhanced immunization.

　　Previously, all the target people over 18 years old who have been vaccinated with inactivated vaccine from Sinopharm Zhongsheng Beijing Company, Beijing Kexing Company, Sinopharm Zhongsheng Wuhan Company or adenovirus vector vaccine from Tianjin Kangxinuo Company for 6 months can take one dose.Homologous enhanced immunityThat is, it is strengthened with the original vaccine.Sequential booster immunizationAfter the implementation of the strategy, the target population who have been vaccinated with the above three inactivated vaccines can also choose the recombinant protein vaccine of Zhifeilongkema or the adenovirus vector vaccine of Kangxinuo for sequential booster immunization. For the target population, one of homologous booster immunization and sequential booster immunization can be selected. In addition, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council also approved the homologous booster immunization of inactivated Covid-19 vaccine from Shenzhen Kangtai Company and Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Both homologous strengthening and sequential strengthening should be implemented in people over 18 years old who have completed the whole vaccination for 6 months.

　　Can sequential booster immunization be carried out after vaccination? Are people over 60 years old suitable for sequential immunization? Eight questions answered by experts in one article!

　　In COVID-19, the sequential immunization of vaccines will soon be carried out in the whole country. We have collected relevant vaccination questions that have attracted much attention and invited experts to answer questions.

　　According to the requirements of the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council at this stage on strengthening immunization of Covid-19 vaccine, homologous immunization and sequential immunization can be carried out in the target population.
　　

　　1.

　　Is it necessary to strengthen the needle? Is it safe?

　　It is necessary to fightFrom the current related research, strengthening needles is also more effective. According to the research results at home and abroad, vaccination in COVID-19 has significantly reduced the morbidity, hospitalization and mortality caused by Covid-19, and played a great role in epidemic prevention and control. However, COVID-19 vaccine, like other vaccines, has a weakened protective effect with the passage of time after vaccination. However, after enhanced immunization, the recipients will produce higher antibody levels in their bodies, thus gaining protection against virus attacks.

　　　　

　　2.

　　What is homologous immunization? What is sequential immunization? Who is the target group?

　　Homologous booster immunization: refers to booster immunization with the same technical route as basic immunization.

　　At present, two doses of inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) plus one dose of inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) are implemented in China, or one dose of adenovirus vector vaccine plus one dose of adenovirus vector vaccine.

　　Specifically:

　　People aged 18 and above who have completed two doses of the same inactivated vaccine (Vero cells).After 6 months, the original inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) can be used for one dose of booster immunization;

　　People aged 18 and above who have completed two doses of inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) from different manufacturers.After 6 months, the same vaccine as the second dose is given priority in principle. If the second dose of the same vaccine is not available, the same vaccine as the first dose can be used for one dose of booster immunization.

　　Population aged 18 and above vaccinated with adenovirus vector vaccineAfter 6 months, the original vaccine was used for 1 dose of booster immunization.

　　People over the age of 18 who used Shenzhen Kangtai Covid-19 inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) to complete two doses of vaccination.After 6 months, in principle, continue to use the original inactivated vaccine for one dose of booster immunization.

　　People over 18 years old who use Zhifei recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (CHO cells)You only need to complete three doses of full vaccination, with an interval of 4 weeks between each dose, and there is no need to strengthen immunization.

　　Sequential booster immunization: refers to booster immunization with vaccines with different technical routes from basic immunization.

　　Sequential booster immunization faces the whole process of vaccination.Sinopharm Zhongsheng Beijing Company, Beijing Kexing Company and Sinopharm Zhongsheng Wuhan Company.Inactivated Covid-19 vaccineFull 6 months, andPeople aged 18 and above who have not completed homologous immunization..

　　At present, the vaccination scheme of homologous and sequential booster immunization of COVID-19 vaccine on the market is as follows:

　　

　　3.

　　How to carry out sequential immunization?

　　At present, there are two combination schemes for sequential immunization:

　　Inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) 2 doses of sub-basic immunization+Recombinant protein vaccine (CHO cells)1 dose of booster immunization;

　　Inactivated vaccine (Vero cells) 2 doses of sub-basic immunization+adenovirus vector vaccine1 dose of booster immunization.

　　Bottom line: I got two shots of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, and the third shot can be inactivated vaccine, adenovirus vaccine or recombinant protein vaccine.

　　　　

　　4.

　　How safe is sequential booster immunization?

　　The existing data show that both sequential immunization combination schemes can greatly improve the neutralizing antibody level of the recipients and have good safety.

　　　　

　　5.

　　Can people over the age of 60 be vaccinated sequentially?

　　People over 60 years old are at high risk of Covid-19 infection.

　　People over the age of 60 who meet the requirements of sequential booster immunization can choose sequential booster immunization.

　　　　

　　6.

　　Is it free to take the sequential booster immunization program to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccine?

　　At this stage, the implementation of immunization is strengthened in sequence.Free vaccination policy.

　　People who meet the requirements of sequential booster immunization can choose recombinant protein vaccine or adenovirus vector vaccine.Free booster vaccination 1 dose..

　　　　

　　7.

　　What are the precautions for vaccination against Covid-19 vaccine?

　　Before vaccination, according to the previous vaccination certificate, confirm whether you are 18 years old or above and whether you have completed basic immunization for more than 6 months.

　　When vaccinating, you need to carry your identity documents and vaccination certificates, and do personal protection according to the requirements of epidemic prevention and control, and cooperate with the relevant inquiries and registration of the vaccination staff on site.

　　After inoculation, observe the site for 30 minutes according to the regulations, keep the inoculated local skin clean, and avoid scratching the inoculated site with your hands.

　　　　

　　8.

　　I have been vaccinated with "booster shots", can I still carry out sequential booster immunization?

　　The target population is free to choose:

　　Adopt the original technical route vaccine to carry out homologous enhanced immunization

　　Adopt different technical routes to carry out sequential booster immunization.

　　butSequential booster immunization and homologous booster immunization cannot be accepted at the same time..

　　People who have completed the "booster shot" vaccination with inactivated vaccine do not need to be vaccinated again..

　　

Disease control experts reminded

　　At present, the global COVID-19 epidemic continues to develop, and Covid-19 accelerates the spread of mutation. China is still under great pressure to "import foreign defense and rebound internal defense".Vaccination with Covid-19 vaccine is still the most effective, safest and most economical measure to prevent and control COVID-19.. Strengthening immunization is of great significance for protecting susceptible people and effectively curbing the spread of the epidemic.

　　Please meet the vaccination conditions of personnel as soon as possible to strengthen Covid-19 vaccine immunization, and mobilize your relatives and friends to take the initiative to vaccinate, and jointly build an immune barrier!

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Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security： The contribution ratio of basic old-age insurance units has dropped to 16% to reduce the burden on enterprises.

　　Cctv newsOn January 14th, 2020, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security held a press conference for the fourth quarter of 2019. The heads of the Employment Promotion Department, the Vocational Capacity Building Department, the Pension Insurance Department, the Labor Security Supervision Bureau and the Information Center answered questions from reporters.

　

　　The reporter asked, can you specifically introduce the effect of the policy of reducing social insurance rates in 2019? Are there any new measures to reduce fees in the next step?

　　Nie Mingxi, Director of the Pension Insurance Department of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, introduced that on April 1, 2019, after the General Office of the State Council issued the Comprehensive Plan for Reducing Social Insurance Rates, all localities actively implemented it, and the work progressed very smoothly, with obvious results, which were mainly reflected in the following four aspects:

　　First, all policies and measures have been put in place. From May 1, 2019, all the 29 provinces and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, as well as the basic endowment insurance units of government agencies and institutions, whose contribution rate is higher than 16%, have reduced to 16%. The provinces continued to reduce unemployment insurance rates in stages, and 26 provinces that met the conditions for reducing fees continued to reduce industrial injury insurance rates in stages. At the same time, the provinces have adjusted the payment base policy according to the actual situation, and the lower limit of the payment base has generally decreased, further reducing the payment burden of difficult enterprises and their employees, and further improving the flexibility of flexible employees in choosing the payment base.

　　Second, the annual fee reduction target was exceeded. In 2015, the total premium rate of five social insurances for employees was 41%, and then it was reduced six times. Last year, it was the largest reduction. At present, the total premium rate of five social insurances has dropped to 33.95%, of which the unit premium rate has dropped to 23.45%, and the six fee reductions have decreased by 7.05 percentage points. According to the latest statistics, in 2019, the expenses of basic old-age insurance, unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance for enterprise employees were reduced by 425.2 billion yuan, exceeding the target of 310 billion yuan at the beginning of the year. The previous five fee reductions totaled 550 billion yuan. Together with the total fee reductions last year, social insurance fees have been reduced by nearly one trillion yuan since 2015.

　　Third, the effect of reducing the burden on enterprises is obvious. The fee reduction policy has strong inclusiveness and wide benefits, and the burden reduction effect is direct and effective. Both large and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises generally have a real sense of gain. Since the second half of last year, many media have intensively covered the feelings and effects of fee reduction at the grassroots level. Enterprises generally reported that the fee reduction policy has effectively reduced the labor cost of enterprises, and the fee reduction bonus has been transformed into the driving force for enterprise development and innovation, or into employee welfare to enhance enterprise cohesion, realize enterprise cost reduction, market vitality and employee benefits, which has been welcomed by the majority of enterprises and employees. At the same time, the social security rate is basically unified throughout the country, which has played a positive role in promoting the formation of a fair market competition environment and promoting balanced development among regions.

　　The fourth is to promote the sound development of the old-age insurance system. According to the latest monthly statistics, in 2019, the total income of enterprise basic endowment insurance fund was 3,783 billion yuan, the total expenditure was 3,463.1 billion yuan, the current balance was 319.9 billion yuan, and the accumulated balance was 5,086.9 billion yuan. It is a very gratifying situation that we can still achieve a balance of more than 300 billion yuan in the current period under the circumstances that the fee reduction has exceeded expectations and the basic pension level of retirees has been further improved. It fully shows that after the fee reduction, the threshold for participating in insurance payment has been lowered, the vitality of enterprises has been enhanced, and the enthusiasm of participating units and individuals has been improved, which has not only stabilized and promoted employment, but also achieved reasonable growth in fund income, which has promoted a virtuous circle of enterprise development and pension insurance system development. At the same time, through measures such as compacting the responsibilities of provincial governments, increasing the proportion of central fund transfers, and increasing support for provinces with special difficulties, the structural contradiction of funds between provinces has been effectively alleviated, ensuring that basic pensions are paid in full and on time.

　　In 2020, the State Council decided to reduce unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance rates in stages for another year. It is a long-term strategic arrangement to reduce the old-age insurance rate to 16%, and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will further consolidate the results of the fee reduction.

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Mass entrepreneurship should have four key elements.

　　Mass entrepreneurship and innovation are strategic choices under the situation of "three phases" of China’s economic and social development, which is not only a major reform measure to fully stimulate the wisdom and creativity of hundreds of millions of people, but also an important way to achieve national prosperity and people’s prosperity; It is not only a scientific choice to improve the efficiency of spatial and temporal redistribution of production factors, but also an inevitable choice for people to move from an economic power to an economic power. However, mass entrepreneurship is a systematic project. To set off a wave of mass entrepreneurship in the whole society, we need to have and solve the following four key factors:

　　One is the human factor. To form the situation of mass entrepreneurship, people, as the main body of entrepreneurship, must meet two conditions: they must have a strong entrepreneurial will; Have enough entrepreneurial ability. The stimulation of entrepreneurial will needs to form a strong cultural atmosphere of entrepreneurship and innovation in the whole society, respect innovation, advocate entrepreneurship, respect talents, protect the rights and interests of talents, and tolerate entrepreneurial failure. Encourage people to stress morality, value honesty, abide by the rule of law, and abide by contracts, so that innovation and entrepreneurship will become a common way of life, and the public will pay attention to entrepreneurship, think about entrepreneurship and be willing to practice entrepreneurship. It is necessary to increase publicity and recognition of typical entrepreneurship and give play to the role of demonstration. Moreover, the cultivation of entrepreneurial ability needs to start with education, change from exam-oriented education to quality education, strengthen employment guidance and entrepreneurship education for college graduates, implement the college students’ entrepreneurship leading plan, and support college graduates to start businesses in emerging industries. Governments at all levels should encourage and support the development of entrepreneurship counseling and training institutions, so that more willing entrepreneurs can improve their entrepreneurial ability and their chances of success.

　　The second is the factor of capital. Mass entrepreneurship, especially "grassroots entrepreneurship", is often based on self-owned funds or raising funds from relatives and friends, but the risk of entrepreneurship is relatively high. Once entrepreneurship fails, entrepreneurs and their families will fall into life difficulties. Therefore, whether the external financing channels of venture capital are smooth has become the key factor for the formation of mass entrepreneurship wave. First of all, the government can set up a "venture fund for mass entrepreneurship" to ensure the continuous chain of funds for the follow-up development of entrepreneurship, and to really help the horse, it is necessary to send a ride. This year, the state plans to allocate 40 billion yuan to guide the start-up of emerging industries. How to manage and improve the efficiency of the use of funds is worthy of our consideration. Second, carry out financial structure reform. The existing financial structure tends to be higher and heavier. It is suggested that a part of the financial structure should be dedicated to serving entrepreneurs. For example, more standardized small and medium-sized banks can be established to serve entrepreneurs. Large funds managed by the state should increase the proportion of investment in innovation and entrepreneurship. In addition, entrepreneurs should be encouraged and supported to adopt equity financing, so as to make social funds flow from virtual economy to real economy.

　　The third is the factor of entrepreneurial opportunities. The search and grasp of entrepreneurial opportunities depends on the ability of entrepreneurs to search and recognize entrepreneurial information and opportunities, and on the supply ability of government entrepreneurial opportunities. From the government’s point of view, there are at least four aspects to be done: First, increase the publicity and interpretation of the existing innovation and entrepreneurship policies, so that entrepreneurs can learn more about the cultivation and support that innovation and entrepreneurship can obtain, and enhance the chances and confidence of entrepreneurial success. Second, the key to opening up the channel of transformation of scientific and technological achievements is to speed up the reform of the use and disposal of scientific and technological achievements and revenue management, so that scientific and technological personnel are willing to innovate, start businesses and transform, encourage all kinds of innovations, directly use them for entrepreneurship, participate in entrepreneurship through cooperation, and promote entrepreneurship through transfer. Innovation will inevitably lead to mass entrepreneurship. Third, create a fair and orderly market environment, change more "preferential" policies into "inclusive" policies, break some industry monopolies, reduce market access, and cancel unnecessary industry restrictions. For the innovation of some new formats and business models, we should give legal protection, protect, standardize and supervise them, promote fair competition and maintain market order. Fourth, accelerate social innovation, guide and support the establishment of social enterprises, realize cross-border cooperation among the government, enterprises, non-profit organizations and the media, solve social problems such as youth education, old-age care, women’s employment difficulties, and safeguarding the human rights of the disabled, and provide more channels and opportunities for mass entrepreneurship.

　　The fourth is the policy system factor. Policy system is the condition and guarantee factor of mass entrepreneurship, so it is necessary to create conditions and environment for mass entrepreneurship, and clear the obstacles to entrepreneurship instead of setting obstacles. First, the government decentralizes profits to do "subtraction", promotes decentralization, simplifies administrative examination and approval procedures, and promotes the facilitation of investment and entrepreneurship. Second, formulate a classified and guided entrepreneurship policy system. At present, the concepts of innovation and entrepreneurship are usually blurred. In fact, even innovation is not the same as high-tech industry. Innovation also includes technological innovation, management innovation, model innovation, format innovation, market innovation, etc. At present, policy support or capital supply tend to be innovative and entrepreneurial in high-tech industries, while ignoring other industries and groups. Mass entrepreneurship is mostly "grass-roots" entrepreneurship, lacking high-tech support, and mostly related to traditional industries. However, these entrepreneurship may involve innovation in business format and mode, especially the application of "internet plus". Similar entrepreneurship has important contributions and significance for increasing employment and expanding domestic demand. Therefore, formulating a classified and guided entrepreneurship policy system can better stimulate the enthusiasm of mass entrepreneurship. Third, further promote the reform of financing system, taxation and circulation system, increase entrepreneurial opportunities in service industries, and provide convenient conditions for entrepreneurship in other industries. Improve the construction of legal environment, strengthen supervision after the event, punish illegal acts according to law, protect intellectual property rights, and establish a market environment of honest operation and fair competition. Further improve the policy system that is conducive to mass entrepreneurship, and implement and improve the cultivation and support policies that encourage mass entrepreneurship, such as tax reduction and exemption, small loan guarantee, capital subsidy, and venue arrangement.Form a new mechanism that the government supports entrepreneurship, the society supports entrepreneurship, and the public is willing to start a business and dares to start a business.

　

　　Source: Qiushi

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Liu Xuesong, director of ＂Emergency Doctor＂： Not being scolded is a mediocrity.

　　Liu Xuesong spent 20 years from a small voice actor to the director of the TV series "Emergency Doctor" which was hotly debated by the whole people. In today’s film and television industry, where he "doesn’t know where the problem is", everyone needs to work at a trot, even "a good sleep only takes five hours". Although there are many bad dramas in the industry, the voice of criticizing "small fresh meat" is endless, but Liu Xuesong doesn’t want to criticize the actors.

　　In an exclusive interview with Ai Guangzhou Daily recently, he confessed that for young actors, "unless you don’t choose him, you should give him the greatest encouragement if you choose him."

　　Text/Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Chen Shilan

　　Figure/Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Liao Xueming

　　When I met the director Liu Xuesong, he was in front of the live monitor of the new drama "We Are All Fine". Liu Xuesong, with a bald head and a moustache, was particularly easy to recognize on the set in a hurry. He held a walkie-talkie and told the staff about the shooting from time to time. Although he only slept less than six hours a day for a month, the director’s face showed no signs of fatigue. He stared at the screen carefully and studied the details of the actor’s performance.

　　Gemini’s "workaholic"

　　The voice in the walkie-talkie rings from time to time, and the WeChat message on the mobile phone around us flashes on the screen from time to time. People walk around, adjust the seats and lights, and convey the message.

　　Liu Xuesong sometimes feels very anxious. He smokes a cigarette from time to time. Newly revised scripts are sent from time to time in the WeChat group. Although the new drama has been on for a month, the scripts are still being polished and revised. Sometimes, after work at night, he will still look at the newly revised scripts of the day.

　　Time is pressing, and this year’s Spring Festival is likely to be spent on the set, just like countless previous Spring Festivals in Liu Xuesong. Sometimes Liu Xuesong really wants to stop and wait for the script to be polished before shooting, but he can’t. The shooting time and cycle are determined by the schedule of the actors. "Time is money" is particularly obvious here. Although they work more than 15 hours a day, everything must be trotted.

　　"How fast and how economical" has become a new requirement for directors. Liu Xuesong often feels very contradictory. Producers often ask them to make a tall and well-made film, but they also ask for "fast". Compared with ten years ago, there are more and more TV episodes, but the shooting cycle is getting shorter and shorter. He is unwilling to sacrifice the quality of the play. "I can only sacrifice the health of myself and the team."

　　Although he works hard every day, Liu Xuesong doesn’t feel tired. Even in his opinion, "a good sleep only takes five hours". When joking, he always attributes the trait of "workaholic" to his horoscope — — Gemini. "Look at Gemini, or you are very happy to participate, or you are actively planning."

　　He loves this profession from the bottom of his heart. "This may be the only job I can do well. I am really grateful to the world for having a career as a director." Liu Xuesong, who loves cooking in his spare time, is also proficient in cooking. "Otherwise, I will be a cook."

　　From dubbing to directing

　　Liu Xuesong was born in Tibet. Soon after his birth, his parents took him back to Wuhan, where his mother grew up. Liu Xuesong’s father is a drama actor in the army, and his mother is a stylist. Influenced by his family’s literary atmosphere, he has been the backbone of literature and art in his class since he was a child. When he was a soldier, he naturally joined the art troupe, performing sketches, allegro, cross talk and double spring. During his service in the Art Troupe, Liu Xuesong had a vague idea: to be a director. So he chose the drama department of PLA Art College. "We should first enrich ourselves in literary control." He wants to be a director later.

　　In 1997, after leaving the army, Liu Xuesong confidently prepared to go to the director department of China Theatre Academy. Liu Xuesong’s mentality was very relaxed during the first and second tests, and he didn’t even imagine that he had failed the list.

　　"The first reaction was stupid. I watched the big red list three times, but there was no (my name)." When the reaction came, Liu Xuesong was already standing in the alley next to the Chinese opera. He was sitting on the curb, and there was a group of fire fighters on the opposite side. He suddenly remembered his brothers in the barracks, so he told his friends that he was going to Kunming. "Are you going to Kunming Lake? Want to jump into the lake! " Recalling the past, Liu Xuesong couldn’t help laughing. From time to time, he demonstrated the scene with his body movements.

　　Liu Xuesong stayed in Kunming for a month, and the director’s dream seemed too far away from him at this time. He began to understand that he was too arrogant. In order to make a living, Liu Xuesong became a voice actor, starting with serving tea and pouring water, and then dubbing the role. At the poorest time, he had only ten yuan on him, and every step in three years was extremely difficult.

　　The opportunity came at last. Liu Xuesong once performed for the play directed by Ouyang Fenqiang, the actor of Jia Baoyu in the 1987 version of A Dream of Red Mansions. He always remembers a phone call from Ouyang Fenqiang, in which he asked Liu Xuesong if he would like to be his deputy director. Liu Xuesong was very excited.

　　After Liu Xuesong became an independent director, his father sent him a WeChat. "He said that I am watching your play now, and I feel dreaming when I see the name of the director." The encouragement of his family made Liu Xuesong persist in directing.

　　Actors are treasures to protect.

　　From 2001 to 2009, Liu Xuesong has been filming with Ouyang Fenqiang. Liu Xuesong can remember many details of getting along with Ouyang Fenqiang, but he didn’t learn the directing lessons in Chinese opera. The guide taught him a lot.

　　Liu Xuesong always remembers that his first play with director Ouyang Fenqiang was sctv’s sitcom "Xiongqi Restaurant". For professional reasons, Liu Xuesong was extremely sensitive to the actor’s lines. He always felt that the actor’s lines were wrong and asked him to shoot another one.

　　"The director looked at me, stared at me and said ‘ Ok, ok, just shoot another one according to the idea of this fart doll (Sichuan dialect) ’ 。” Liu Xuesong used Sichuan dialect to imitate the situation at that time. "When he came down, he told me that I couldn’t communicate things so directly, and I had to consider the emotions of the actors."

　　This taught Liu Xuesong an important lesson, caring for actors. He often warns team members to respect actors. "Not only big actors, but also small actors, young actors and staged actors, they are all our treasures and the embodiment of our thoughts. They are fragile and sensitive, so we must protect them."

　　Although there are endless criticisms of "small fresh meat", Liu Xuesong is unwilling to be a critic. "Unless you don’t choose him, you should give him the greatest encouragement if you choose him. They may not be so satisfactory because of their lack of experience and psychological strength. But you have to believe that young actors have this ability and give them enough space. " Believe in beauty and express hope.

　　No matter what theme he is shooting, Liu Xuesong feels that what he wants to express is consistent. "I will emphasize to believe in every film I make, and believe that good things exist, even though there are many bad and gloomy things."

　　After the release of "Emergency Doctor" co-directed by director Zheng Xiaolong, Liu Xuesong received many private messages. Some people questioned that deliberately shaping the image of doctors in "Emergency Doctor" would intensify the contradiction between doctors and patients in reality. Liu Xuesong was somewhat disappointed after seeing it. "Don’t we, as literary and art workers, even have the right to express our hopes?" At the beginning of their conception, Liu Xuesong and Zheng Xiaolong didn’t want to make a critical work. "We are just expressing hope, hoping to set a benchmark and hope that those related to it will work hard for it."

　　In the new drama "We Are All Fine", the heroine played by actress Tamia Liu was forced to give up her dream and become a housewife because of her family. The gap and contradiction between her husband, who is a financial genius played by Shuo Yang, is widening day by day. She is out of touch with the society and suffers from depression, leaving her family and her children. In the confusion and exploration, they met two 90s, and found a better self through each other.

　　In addition, Liu Xuesong also wants to show the collision between post-80s and post-90s. Liu Xuesong was ready to be scolded. He had a premonition that he might touch some people’s thunder in the first half of the play, but Liu Xuesong was not afraid of being scolded. He winked at the reporter and revealed a little liveliness that didn’t match his appearance. "Not being scolded is a mediocrity."

　　Hot money suddenly poured into the industry and many people were caught off guard.

　　There is no need to criticize the actors.

　　Guangzhou Daily: With the support of director Ouyang, you moved from the later stage to be a director. How does this experience help you to be an independent director now?

　　Liu Xuesong: Director Ouyang is my brother, master and friend. When I was independent, he never said anything bad to me. When people asked him, he always said that my executive director’s name is Liu Xuesong, and his ability has actually surpassed mine. He condescended to help me film here. I believe he will surpass me one day and become an excellent director. I have always been grateful to him.

　　Guangzhou Daily: Nowadays, there are many bad TV dramas, and the voice of criticizing young actors is endless. What do you think is wrong with the TV drama market?

　　Liu Xuesong: I don’t think it’s necessary to criticize the actors. It is luck that an actor can get a good script, plus a director who knows you and a good production team. I think actors, including the so-called small fresh meat, still want to fix themselves, and many times he can’t decide for himself. How many people does a star coffee feed, and these people around him fill his schedule for various purposes. Then tell you OK, we can take this play and give you 30 days. Can the actors say no?

　　Why do I say that the actor may not be very willing, because his own face appears on the screen, and the actor can’t hide. Who do you think wants to make himself so bad?

　　Maybe quick success and quick success and the entry of capital are two problems for outsiders and insiders. The employers don’t care too much about quality, but they care about input and output. I don’t understand your story, and I don’t understand your so-called art. I just want to know how I can make money. All kinds of hot money suddenly poured into our industry, which caught many people off guard, even those who got the money off guard.

　　The first half of the new play is doomed to thunder.

　　Guangzhou Daily: In your last play "Emergency Doctor", some people questioned that over-beautifying doctors would aggravate the contradiction between doctors and patients in reality, while others thought that the emotional drama in the play dragged down the whole play. What do you think?

　　Liu Xuesong: At the beginning of its conception, Emergency Doctor didn’t want to make a critical work, criticizing the bad things of doctors and patients. I’m also concerned about what you just mentioned. Some doctors even wrote to me privately that you were killing people. I don’t think so. It’s just that we are expressing our hopes. Don’t we even have the right to express our hopes as literary and art workers?

　　As for the emotional part, I personally am not particularly satisfied, including director Xiaolong, because the script was written many years ago, and the same problem is that the preparation period is not so relaxed.

　　At that time, we had decided to shoot a solid industry drama, so we made a lot of efforts in this respect, and the original intention did not want to describe emotions in a big space. Looking back now, some emotions have advanced a little faster, which may be what some viewers call "thunder".

　　In fact, the scene of the finale fully shows our feelings about the whole drama. We prefer the plot to return to the battlefield from the wedding. Although I am a mortal, I am also a doctor. When work and life are contradictory, we have no choice. You have no choice, because what is in front of you is human life, not a single business or a trip. After the cut, I really typed a line from the heart, and I would like to dedicate this film to the race with death — — You guys.

　　Guangzhou Daily: The hero and heroine of the new drama "We Are All Good" are called "Forward and Search". Why are they named like this?

　　Liu Xuesong: The hero and heroine’s names imply something. One keeps running forward, so that he forgets his marriage and family. He thinks that as long as he runs forward, he will have everything. And the other is looking for, looking for lost self, lost dreams.

　　My play, especially in the first half, is doomed to thunder, and may be scolded. For example, looking for a wife who leaves her husband may not be condemned, but a wife who leaves her children, or, to put it bluntly, abandons her children to save herself, may be condemned by many people. Although she had to do it in the play, from the appearance, she just left her children. But I want to dig deeper under the surface.

　　I’m not afraid of being scolded. Some things still need to be touched. If an artist doesn’t have the courage to touch something, don’t do it. You always have some sense of responsibility.

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Li Jiachao will lead a delegation to Beijing to attend the third ＂Belt and Road＂ international cooperation summit forum.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Hong Kong, October 13th (Reporter Wei Hua) The third "One Belt, One Road" international cooperation summit forum was held in Beijing from October 17th to 18th. On October 16th, Lee Ka Chiu John, Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) will lead a high-profile 70-member delegation from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to participate.

　　Lee Ka Chiu John said that this year marks the 10th anniversary of the initiative to jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative, and the third Belt and Road International Cooperation Summit Forum is a key home event of the country this year, which is also a high-level international activity to promote the initiative. With the support of the state, he is honored to lead a high-profile delegation to actively participate in the summit forum, which fully shows that Hong Kong has fully assisted the country in building the "Belt and Road" work.

　　It is reported that there are 11 senior officials participating in the SAR delegation, whose members span the political and business circles and also cover the professional sectors. Li Jiachao said that the delegation will actively demonstrate Hong Kong’s advantages in all aspects to the international community, including its role as an important functional platform to promote the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road", and introduce Hong Kong’s professional services and the unique advantages of relying on the motherland and connecting the world.

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