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Resume： Lan Tianli

　　Lan Tianli, male, Zhuang nationality, born in October 1962, from Hechi, Guangxi, joined the work in February 1980, and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in June 1985. He graduated from Beihang University, majoring in management science and engineering, with a postgraduate degree, a doctor in management and an associate researcher.

　　1980— 1983 Teacher of Shibie Primary School, Longan Primary School and Tangli Primary School in Yishan County, Guangxi

　　1983— In 1987, he studied physics in the Physics Department of Guangxi University for Nationalities.

　　1987— In 1992, officer, clerk and deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

　　1992— 1998 Deputy Director and Investigator of High-tech Department of Science and Technology Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

　　1998— 2003 Deputy Director of Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Member of Party Group, Vice Chairman of Association for Science and Technology of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (concurrently in January 2002)

　　（1996— In 1999, he studied political economy in the Department of Economics of Guangxi University; 2002.03— 2002.07 Western Class of Central Party School)

　　2003— Director of Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2007, Party Secretary, Vice Chairman of Association for Science and Technology of Guangxi Autonomous Region (concurrently), Chairman and Dean of Guangxi Branch of China Science and Technology Development Institute (concurrently in March 2006)

　　（2002— In 2007, the School of Economics and Management of Beihang University studied in-service graduate students majoring in management science and engineering, and obtained a doctorate in management; 2006— In 2007, he studied at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and obtained a master’s degree in public administration)

　　2007— 2008 Deputy Secretary and Mayor of Hechi Municipal Committee of Guangxi

　　2008— 2011 Secretary of Hechi Municipal Committee of Guangxi and Director of the Standing Committee of Municipal People’s Congress (during this period: March 2010.03— 2010.07 Central Party School Training Course for Young and Middle-aged Cadres)

　　2011— In 2015, Vice Chairman of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Government, Member of Party Group, Secretary of Hechi Municipal Committee, Director of the Standing Committee of Municipal People’s Congress (until December 2011), Director of the Office of Planning and Construction Management Committee of Beibu Gulf (Guangxi) Economic Zone, Secretary of Party Group (2011— Concurrently in 2013), Director of the Management Committee of Pingxiang Comprehensive Bonded Zone and Secretary of the Party Working Committee (2011— Concurrently in 2013), director of China-Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park Management Committee and secretary of the Party Working Committee (October 2012.10— 2013.04 concurrently)

　　2015— In 2016, he was a member of the Standing Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Party Committee, Vice Chairman of the Autonomous Region Government and Party Group.

　　2016— In 2018, he was a member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, vice chairman of the autonomous region government, deputy secretary of the party group, and president of Guangxi Administration College (concurrently)

　　2018— October 2020 Chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Party Secretary, Dean of Guangxi Administration College (concurrently)

　　From October 2020 to January 2021, he served as Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Vice Chairman and Acting Chairman of the Autonomous Region, Chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of the Autonomous Region, Party Secretary, and Dean of Guangxi Administration College (concurrently)

　　January 2021-Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chairman of the Autonomous Region Government

　　Alternate member of the 18th and 19th Central Committee. Deputies to the 11th National People’s Congress. Member of the 9th, 10th and 11th Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Representatives of the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th People’s Congress of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Member of the 12th Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Committee of CPPCC.

　　(Resume source: Comprehensive Guangxi Daily and other information)

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Operation of China Purchasing Managers Index in December 2019

Operation of China Purchasing Managers Index in December 2019
National bureau of statistics service industry survey center
china federation of logistics & purchasing

I. Operation of Purchasing Managers Index of China Manufacturing Industry

In December 2019, the Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) of China’s manufacturing industry was 50.2%, which was the same as last month.

In terms of enterprise scale, the PMI of large enterprises was 50.6%, down 0.3 percentage points from last month, and that of medium-sized enterprises was 51.4%, up 1.9 percentage points from last month. The PMI of large and medium-sized enterprises was above the critical point. The PMI of small enterprises was 47.2%, down 2.2 percentage points from last month, which was below the critical point.

From the classification index, among the five classification indexes that constitute the manufacturing PMI, the production index, new order index and supplier delivery time index are higher than the critical point, while the raw material inventory index and employee index are lower than the critical point.

The production index was 53.2%, up 0.6 percentage points from last month, and remained above the critical point, indicating that the production expansion of manufacturing enterprises continued to accelerate.

The new order index was 51.2%, down 0.1 percentage point from last month and above the critical point for two consecutive months, indicating that the manufacturing market demand continued to grow.

The raw material inventory index was 47.2%, down 0.6 percentage points from last month, which was below the critical point, indicating that the inventory of major raw materials in manufacturing industry decreased.

The employee index was 47.3%, which was the same as last month, indicating that the employment boom of manufacturing enterprises was stable.

The delivery time index of suppliers was 51.1%, up 0.6 percentage points from last month, which was above the critical point, indicating that the delivery time of raw material suppliers in manufacturing industry was accelerated.

II. Operation of Purchasing Managers Index for Non-manufacturing Industries in China

In December 2019, the non-manufacturing business activity index was 53.5%, down 0.9 percentage points from the previous month, indicating that the non-manufacturing industry maintained an overall expansion trend and its growth rate slowed down.

By industry, the business activity index of service industry was 53.0%, down 0.5 percentage points from last month. From the perspective of industry categories, the business activity index of railway transportation, accommodation, telecommunications, radio and television and satellite transmission services, Internet software information technology services, financial services, leasing and business services industries is above 55.0%, and business activities are relatively active; The business activity index of wholesale industry, real estate industry and other industries is located in the contraction range. The business activity index of the construction industry was 56.7%, down 2.9 percentage points from last month, and maintained a high level of prosperity.

The new order index was 50.4%, down 0.9 percentage points from last month and above the critical point. In terms of industries, the new order index of service industry was 50.0%, down 0.5 percentage points from last month; The new order index of the construction industry was 52.9%, down 3.1 percentage points from last month.

The input price index was 52.4%, down 0.8 percentage points from last month, which was above the critical point, indicating that the overall increase of input prices used by non-manufacturing enterprises for business activities narrowed. In terms of industries, the price index of service inputs was 52.3%, down 0.3 percentage points from last month; The price index of construction inputs was 53.0%, down 3.3 percentage points from last month.

The sales price index was 50.3%, which was 1.0 percentage points lower than that of last month, but it was still above the critical point, indicating that the overall sales price level of non-manufacturing industries increased slightly compared with last month. In terms of industries, the sales price index of service industry was 49.9%, down 1.2 percentage points from last month; The sales price index of the construction industry was 52.2%, down 0.4 percentage points from last month.

The employee index was 48.3%, down 0.7 percentage points from last month, which was below the critical point. In terms of industries, the index of service industry employees was 47.9%, a slight increase of 0.1 percentage points over the previous month; The index of employees in the construction industry was 50.7%, down 4.8 percentage points from last month.

The expected index of business activities is 59.1%, which is 1.9 percentage points lower than that of last month, but it is still in a high boom zone, indicating that non-manufacturing enterprises are more optimistic about the future market development. In terms of industries, the expected index of service business activities was 59.1%, down 1.5 percentage points from last month; The expected index of business activities in the construction industry was 59.2%, down 3.9 percentage points from last month.

Third, the operation of China’s comprehensive PMI output index

In December 2019, the comprehensive PMI output index was 53.4%, down 0.3 percentage points from the previous month, and remained above the critical point, indicating that the production and operation activities of Chinese enterprises maintained an overall expansion trend.

annotations

1. Interpretation of main indicators

Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is an index compiled through the statistical summary of the monthly survey results of purchasing managers of enterprises. It covers all aspects of purchasing, production and circulation of enterprises, including manufacturing and non-manufacturing fields. It is one of the leading indexes used internationally to monitor macroeconomic trends and has strong forecasting and early warning functions. The comprehensive PMI output index is a comprehensive index that reflects the output changes of the whole industry (manufacturing and non-manufacturing) in the current PMI index system. PMI usually takes 50% as the dividing point of economic strength, and when PMI is higher than 50%, it reflects the overall economic expansion; Below 50%, it reflects the overall economic contraction.

2. Scope of investigation

It involves 31 industry categories and 3,000 survey samples in the National Economic Industry Classification (GB/T4754-2017); There are 37 major categories of non-manufacturing industries and 4000 survey samples.

3. Investigation methods

The purchasing manager adopts PPS (Probability Proportional to Size) sampling method, taking manufacturing or non-manufacturing industries as the layer, and the sample size of industries is distributed according to the proportion of their added value to the total added value of manufacturing or non-manufacturing, and the samples in the layer are extracted with the probability proportional to the main business income of the enterprise.

This survey was specifically organized and implemented by the investigation team directly under the National Bureau of Statistics, and a monthly questionnaire survey was conducted on the purchasing managers of enterprises by using the national statistical network direct reporting system.

4. Calculation method

(1) Calculation method of classification index. The survey index system of purchasing managers in manufacturing industry includes 13 sub-indexes, such as production, new orders, new export orders, orders in hand, finished goods inventory, purchase volume, import, purchase price of main raw materials, ex-factory price, raw material inventory, employees, supplier delivery time, production and business activities expectation, etc. The survey index system of purchasing managers in non-manufacturing industry includes 10 sub-indexes, such as business activities, new orders, new export orders, orders in hand, inventory, input prices, sales prices, employees, supplier delivery time and business activity expectations. The classification index adopts the diffusion index calculation method, that is, the percentage of enterprises that answer positively plus half of the percentage that answers unchanged. Because there is no composite index for non-manufacturing industries, the international business activity index is usually used to reflect the overall changes of non-manufacturing economic development.

(2) The calculation method of manufacturing PMI index. Manufacturing PMI is weighted by five diffusion indices (classification indices). The five classification indexes and their weights are determined according to their leading influence on the economy. Specifically, it includes: new order index with a weight of 30%; Production index with a weight of 25%; Employee index, with a weight of 20%; Supplier delivery time index with a weight of 15%; Raw material inventory index, with a weight of 10%. Among them, the supplier delivery time index is an inverse index, which is inversely calculated when synthesizing the manufacturing PMI index.

(3) Calculation method of comprehensive PMI output index. The comprehensive PMI output index is a weighted sum of manufacturing production index and non-manufacturing business activity index, and the weights are the proportion of manufacturing and non-manufacturing to GDP respectively.

5. Seasonal adjustment

Purchasing manager survey is a monthly survey, which is influenced by seasonal factors and the data fluctuates greatly. The published indexes are all seasonally adjusted data.

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In the first four months, the cumulative turnover in the foreign exchange market was 80.29 trillion yuan.

　　CCTV News:According to the data of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the total turnover of China’s foreign exchange market in April was 20.14 trillion yuan.

　　January — In April, China’s foreign exchange market totaled 80.29 trillion yuan. China’s foreign exchange market transactions remain active and the market operates smoothly and orderly.

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Beijing CDC： The epidemic situation of influenza is still at a high level, and the main epidemic strain is influenza B.

　　BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) According to the official WeChat news of Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the influenza epidemic in Beijing is still at a high epidemic level and has shown a gradual downward trend.

　　According to the monitoring data, the positive rate of influenza virus in influenza-like cases in sentinel hospitals in Beijing in the past week was 49.9%, which was nearly 10% lower than the peak of 59.5% in early December 2023. Influenza A virus was dominant in the early part of this epidemic season, and the proportion of influenza B virus increased to 88.5% in the past week, which is the main epidemic strain at present. At present, the epidemic situation of influenza in Beijing is still at a high level, which has shown a gradual downward trend.

　　At present, the epidemic situation of Covid-19 infection in Beijing is still at a low epidemic level. In the past week, the positive rate of Covid-19 among influenza-like cases in sentinel hospitals was 1.8%, with XBB mutant as the main strain, and the proportion of JN.1 mutant increased gradually, and the epidemic situation in COVID-19 showed a gradual upward trend. It was found that the spread ability of JN.1 mutant was enhanced, but there was no evidence that its pathogenicity was increased.

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Additional 100 billion？ China is not afraid of Trump’s ＂tariff violence.＂

　　On April 5, US President Trump issued a statement saying that he had instructed the US Trade Representative to consider whether it was appropriate to impose tariffs on $100 billion of China goods under Section 301. Earlier, based on the results of the "301 Survey", the Office of the US Trade Representative announced on the 3rd a list of China’s proposed goods to be subject to additional tariffs, involving the import of goods worth about $50 billion from China every year. In this regard, China immediately imposed tariffs on some products imported from the United States, and took countermeasures of the same scale, amount and intensity. This shows that the Sino-US trade friction has escalated sharply into a conflict, and the Sino-US trade war will be on the verge.

one

　　However, interestingly, after Trump’s ravings, White House officials rushed to "put out the fire", first helping to explain that Trump’s $100 billion should refer to the value of imported goods rather than the total tax collection. US Trade Representative Wright Heze also immediately issued a personal statement saying that "none of the additional tariffs will take effect immediately". In fact, in the past two days, Kudla, Trump’s new chief economic adviser, and other US government officials have been trying to reduce the fear of a trade war in the United States, saying that the United States may still reach an agreement with China. It can be seen that even Trump’s ruling team is weak, contradictory and difficult to justify.

　　Mutual "sanctions" are equal to mutual harm. As we all know, in the era of economic globalization, any form of trade war will fundamentally violate the basic principles of economics, the principle of trade liberalization pursued by the international community and the basic laws of the international economy.

　　Especially in today’s world with rapid development of informationization and networking, international trade is basically trading and developing with each other by giving full play to the comparative advantages or factor endowments of various countries. As the largest developed country in the United States, the service industry has long accounted for more than 70% of its development, while China, as a country with a short start of industrialization, has processing trade as the main form of export, and the use of cheap labor to produce low value-added products is the characteristic of China’s foreign trade. In a certain period of time, the formation of trade imbalance is mainly caused by different international division of labor, different industrial structures and different positions of global value chains, as well as different statistical methods between China and the United States (according to estimates by relevant departments, the trade deficit with China calculated by the United States is basically overestimated by about 20%), so it is unnecessary to "add fists and feet" to solve this problem.

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　　"Sanctions" cannot change the development strategy of other countries. From the list of products restricted by the United States to China, it can be seen that the main goal of the United States is not only to solve the trade imbalance problem, but also to attack the strategic goal of "Made in China 2025" that China is vigorously promoting the development of high-tech industries with an eye to the future.

　　The Trump administration’s move can only be an idiotic dream and a bamboo basket. Historically, in the process of Japan’s rapid post-war economic development, Japan-US trade friction has always accompanied it. The trade war between Japan and the United States lasted from the 1960s to the early 1990s. From textiles to steel, from color TV to automobiles, from semiconductors to telecommunications, six major industries were basically fought. To the surprise of the US government, no industry in Japan was repelled in the US-Japan trade war. Except for some products in Japan, which achieved "independent restrictions", Japan not only greatly promoted the structural adjustment of some industries, but also accelerated the "gorgeous turn". For example, in the home appliance industry, major Japanese manufacturers have shifted from consumer-oriented to enterprise-oriented clients; The automobile industry has become more and more brave, and it still occupies the position of an important exporter of family cars in the world. Japan’s falling into the "lost 20 years" trough is not caused by the trade friction between Japan and the United States, but the result of Japan’s own macro-control policy mistakes.

one

　　The United States has held high the "301" stick for many times in history, but today’s determination and strength of China are destined to make this dispute different from any trade conflict provoked by the United States in the past. The biggest difference between China and other countries is that China has a vast territory and a large population. China is not simply an "export-oriented" country like Japan, but an economy where domestic demand is becoming the main driving force of economic development. China’s industrial transformation and upgrading will not be interrupted by a trade war triggered by the United States, and the development goal of Made in China 2025 will never end because of a trade war. On the contrary, due to external pressure, the government and people of China will make greater efforts to assess the situation and make concerted efforts, so as to make the big ship of China’s economy run more steadily and better in the storm.

one

　　In response to the US statement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce of China have indicated that China will accompany us to the end and will resolutely fight back at any cost. It can be said that China’s response not only reflects China’s confidence and confidence in the Sino-US trade conflict, but also warns the Trump administration with oriental culture that China is not afraid of any threats, let alone "tariff violence", if China is pushed to the opposite side.

　　(Global Critical Special Commentator,Director, Institute of World Economics, China Institute of International Studies　Jiang yuechun)

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Opinions of General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Transformation of Agricultural Development Mode

General Office of the State Council about
Opinions on accelerating the transformation of agricultural development mode

Guo Ban Fa [2015] No.59 　　

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:
　　In recent years, China’s grain production has increased "11 consecutive years", farmers’ income has continued to grow rapidly, and agricultural and rural economic development has made great achievements, which has provided strong support for sustained and healthy economic and social development. At present, China’s economic development has entered a new normal, and agricultural development is facing new challenges such as the ceiling of agricultural product prices, the rise of production costs and the intensification of "hard constraints" on resources and environment. It is urgent to speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode. With the consent of the State Council, we hereby put forward the following opinions.
　　I. General requirements
　　(1) Guiding ideology.Fully implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, take the transformation of agricultural development mode as the fundamental way to accelerate agricultural modernization at present and in the future, focus on developing various forms of moderate-scale agricultural operation, focus on building modern agricultural management system, production system and industrial system, and strive to transform agricultural management mode, production mode, resource utilization mode and management mode. Promote agricultural development from quantitative growth to equal emphasis on quantity, quality and efficiency, from relying mainly on material factors to relying on scientific and technological innovation and improving the quality of workers, from relying on extensive management of resource consumption to sustainable development, and take the road of modern agricultural development with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.
　　(2) Basic principles.
　　Adhere to the enhancement of grain production capacity as the primary premise.Adhere to the red line of cultivated land, so that the area does not decrease, the quality does not decline, and the use does not change. We will steadily increase the grain production capacity, ensure that the rice bowl is firmly in our own hands at all times, and lay a solid foundation for transforming the agricultural development mode.
　　Adhere to improving quality and efficiency as the main direction.Guided by market demand, we should adapt to the changes in residents’ consumption structure, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure, seek efficiency from scale operation, benefit from the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and profit from brand operation, and comprehensively promote cost reduction, quality improvement and efficiency improvement.
　　Insist on promoting sustainable development as an important content.Based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, optimize the distribution of agricultural productive forces, strengthen the governance of outstanding problems in agricultural environment, and promote the sustainable utilization of resources.
　　Insist on promoting reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force.Break the dependence of traditional agricultural development path, comprehensively deepen rural reform, accelerate agricultural scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation, improve the price formation mechanism of important agricultural products such as grain, and activate various agricultural production factors.
　　Adhere to respect for farmers’ dominant position as the basic principle.Respect farmers’ wishes, safeguard farmers’ rights and interests, and give full play to the role of the government to protect and mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm on the basis of giving full play to the role of the market mechanism.
　　(3) Main objectives.
　　By 2020, positive progress will be made in transforming the mode of agricultural development. Moderate scale operation of various forms of agriculture has been accelerated, the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been steadily improved, the industrial structure has been gradually optimized, the level of agricultural resources utilization and ecological environment protection has been continuously improved, the conditions of material, technology and equipment have been significantly improved, and farmers’ income has been continuously increased, providing important support for building a well-off society in an all-round way.
　　By 2030, the transformation of agricultural development mode has achieved remarkable results. High-quality and safe products, efficient utilization of agricultural resources, good ecological environment of producing areas, organic integration of industrial development, obvious improvement of agricultural quality and efficiency, and remarkable enhancement of competitiveness.
　　Two, enhance the grain production capacity, improve the level of food security.
　　(4) Accelerate the construction of high-standard farmland.On the platform of high-standard farmland construction, we will integrate the paid land use fees for newly-increased construction land, funds for comprehensive agricultural development, funds for modern agricultural production development, subsidies for the construction of irrigation and water conservancy facilities, funds for soil testing and formula fertilization, investment in the continuous construction of large irrigation areas and water-saving renovation, and investment in the planning of adding 100 billion Jin of grain production capacity, etc., make overall use of funds, and concentrate on the construction of land leveling, irrigation and water conservancy, soil improvement, tractor-ploughing roads, supporting power grid forest networks, etc., and put them into storage in a unified way by 2020 There are plans to promote the transformation of low-and medium-yield fields, improve agricultural production conditions, and enhance the ability to resist natural disasters. Explore the establishment of an effective mechanism, encourage financial institutions to support the construction of high-standard farmland and the transformation of low-and medium-yield farmland, and guide all kinds of new agricultural business entities to actively participate. In accordance with the principle of "who benefits, who protects", clear the main body of responsibility, establish a reward and punishment mechanism, and implement management and protection measures.
　　(5) Effectively strengthen the protection of cultivated land.Implement the strictest farmland protection system, speed up the demarcation of permanent basic farmland, and ensure that basic farmland is put into households, put into storage as shown in the above picture, and share information. Improve the legal system for the protection of cultivated land quality, and study and formulate national standards for cultivated land quality grades. Improve the compensation mechanism for farmland protection. Give full play to the role of national land inspectors, adhere to both quantity and quality, strengthen the construction of land inspectors, implement supervision responsibilities, and focus on strengthening the quality protection of cultivated land in Northeast China and other regions. We will carry out actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land, carry out the comprehensive management of degraded cultivated land, the prevention and control of contaminated cultivated land, the protection and improvement of soil fertility, and the monitoring of cultivated land quality in different regions, carry out pilot projects for the protection and utilization of black land in Northeast China, gradually expand the pilot projects for the treatment of cultivated land contaminated by heavy metals and the adjustment of planting structure, and comprehensively promote the stripping and reuse of soil in the cultivated land occupied by construction.
　　(6) Actively promote the construction of grain production bases.In combination with the demarcation of permanent basic farmland, we will explore the establishment of grain production functional zones, give priority to building a number of high-quality and efficient grain production bases in the main rice and wheat producing areas such as the Northeast, the Huang-Huai-Hai and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and implement the grain production capacity to the fields. Increase the fiscal balance transfer payment, and the funds for agriculture-related projects should be tilted to the main grain producing areas. Vigorously carry out the activities of creating high-yield grain, popularize the green yield-increasing model, and improve the yield per unit area. Guide enterprises to actively participate in the construction of grain production bases and develop production and circulation services in pre-,mid-and post-natal links. Strengthen the construction of grain drying and storage facilities.
　　Third, innovate the agricultural management mode and extend the agricultural industrial chain
　　(7) Cultivate and expand new agricultural business entities.Gradually expand the scale of agricultural projects such as comprehensive agricultural development and central infrastructure investment undertaken by new agricultural business entities. Support farmers’ cooperatives to build cold chain logistics facilities for agricultural products processing and storage, and allow the assets formed by financial subsidies to be transferred to farmers’ cooperatives for holding and management. Encourage and guide grain and other bulk agricultural products storage and processing enterprises to provide services such as order purchase, baking and storage for new agricultural business entities. Implement the policy of land use for production of new agricultural management entities. Study and reform the agricultural subsidy system, so that the subsidy funds will be tilted to new agricultural business entities such as grain farmers and family farms. Support the main body of grain production scale operation to carry out marketing loan pilot. Innovate financial services, include new agricultural business entities in the credit evaluation scope of banking financial institutions, implement incentive measures such as loan priority under the same conditions for those with higher credit ratings, and provide comprehensive credit to those who meet the conditions; Explore the pilot projects of mortgage loans for rural contracted land management rights and financial leasing of large-scale agricultural machinery, actively promote the mortgage of factories and fishing boats, the pledge of production orders and agricultural policies, and broaden the scope of collateral; Support new agricultural business entities to use derivatives such as futures and options for risk management; Guide the establishment and improvement of the agricultural credit guarantee system supported by finance throughout the country, and provide credit guarantee and risk compensation for the loans of the main business entities of grain production scale; Encourage commercial insurance institutions to develop multi-grade and high-security insurance products that meet the needs of new agricultural business entities, and explore pilot projects such as output value insurance and target price insurance.
　　(eight) to promote various forms of moderate scale operation of agriculture.We will steadily carry out the registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights. All localities should take measures such as financial awards and subsidies, support various forms of moderate-scale agricultural operation and development, and guide farmers to transfer contracted land by subcontracting, leasing, exchanging, transferring and shareholding according to law. Where conditions permit, under the premise of insisting on agricultural land use and resolutely preventing "non-agriculturalization", arable land can be unified and arranged one after another according to farmers’ wishes, so as to minimize the ridge, expand the area of cultivated land and improve the level of mechanized operation. Take financial support, credit support and other measures to speed up the cultivation of agricultural business service organizations, carry out pilot projects for the government to purchase agricultural public welfare services, and actively promote cooperative, trusteeship and order-based service forms. Support supply and marketing cooperatives to carry out agricultural socialization services and accelerate the formation of a comprehensive, large-scale and sustainable service system for agriculture. Summarize and promote typical cases of moderate scale operation of various forms of agriculture, and give full play to its demonstration and driving role. On the basis of insisting on collective ownership of rural land and fully respecting farmers’ wishes, we will steadily carry out a pilot project of paid withdrawal of farmers’ contracted land in the rural reform pilot area, and guide farmers who have stable non-agricultural employment income and have lived in cities and towns for a long time to voluntarily withdraw from the right to contracted land management.
　　(9) Vigorously develop agricultural industrialization.We should organically combine the development of various forms of moderate-scale agricultural operation with the extension of agricultural industrial chain, encourage farmers to develop large-scale breeding, agricultural product processing and rural service industries through cooperation and alliance based on resource advantages, and carry out pilot projects for farmers to share shares in farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization with land management rights, so that farmers can share the value-added benefits of industrial chain. Enrich and improve the financial incentive mechanism for leading enterprises to link agriculture with agriculture, encourage leading enterprises to provide technical training, loan guarantee, agricultural insurance funding and other services for farmers, and vigorously develop the production and marketing docking model of one village, one product and village-enterprise interaction; Establish a demonstration base for agricultural industrialization, promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries such as raw material production, processing logistics and marketing, and promote the value-added benefits of the industrial chain to stay in the place of origin and leave them to farmers. Support agricultural industrialization demonstration bases to develop public service platforms such as technology research and development, quality inspection and logistics information. Designate a certain proportion from the national technical transformation fund projects to support the transformation and upgrading of leading enterprises.
　　(ten) to accelerate the development of agricultural products processing industry.Expand the scale, implementation area and variety scope of subsidies for primary processing of agricultural products. In-depth implementation of the promotion of staple food processing, and promote the development of staple food products such as potatoes. Support the upgrading of intensive processing equipment, build a number of agricultural product processing technology integration bases, and improve the level of intensive processing of agricultural products. Support grain-saving technological transformation of grain and oil processing enterprises and carry out pilot projects for comprehensive utilization of by-products. Strengthen the construction of standardized pig slaughtering system and support the integrated operation of slaughtering and processing enterprises.
　　(eleven) innovative agricultural marketing services. Strengthen the construction of national and regional agricultural products producing markets, increase agricultural products promotion support, and enhance farmers’ marketing ability. Cultivate new circulation formats, vigorously develop agricultural e-commerce, formulate and implement agricultural e-commerce application technology training plans, guide all kinds of agricultural business entities to connect with e-commerce enterprises, and promote the development of logistics and distribution, cold chain facilities and equipment. Accelerate the development of e-commerce in supply and marketing cooperatives. Actively promote the auction of agricultural products.
　　(twelve) actively develop a variety of functions of agriculture.Strengthen planning guidance, study and formulate land use, finance and financial support policies to promote the development of leisure agriculture and rural tourism, increase support for the construction of supporting public facilities, strengthen the training of employees, strengthen the creativity of experience activities, agricultural landscape design, local cultural development, and enhance service capabilities. Maintain traditional rural features, inherit farming culture, strengthen the excavation and protection of important agricultural cultural heritage, and support the construction of a number of scenic tourist villages and towns with historical, regional and ethnic characteristics. Improve the level of leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration, and increase the promotion of beautiful countryside.
　　Four, deepen the adjustment of agricultural structure, and promote the coordinated development of breeding industry.
　　(thirteen) vigorously promote crop rotation and intercropping.Support the development of ecological compound planting according to local conditions, scientifically and rationally utilize cultivated land resources, and promote the combination of land cultivation and land cultivation. Focus on the promotion of corn/soybean (peanut) rotation in Northeast China, corn/peanut (soybean) intercropping in Huang-Huai-Hai region, double cropping rice-green manure or rice-rape planting in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, corn/soybean intercropping in Southwest China and corn/potato (soybean) rotation in Northwest China.
　　(fourteen) to encourage the development of circular agriculture.Facing the market demand, we will speed up the construction of a modern forage industry system, carry out pilot projects of subsidies for planting and promoting high-quality forage materials, guide the development of high-quality forage materials such as silage corn and alfalfa, and improve the comparative benefits of planting. We will increase support for the conversion of food crops into forage crops, and support the pilot projects in arid areas, high-cold and high-latitude corn planting areas, groundwater over-exploitation funnel areas in North China and rocky desertification areas in South China. Overall consideration of planting and breeding scale and environmental absorptive capacity, and actively carry out the pilot demonstration of planting and breeding combined with circular agriculture. Develop modern fishery, carry out demonstration of comprehensive planting and breeding technology in paddy fields, and popularize new models of comprehensive planting and breeding technology such as rice-fishery symbiosis and aquaponics.
　　(fifteen) actively develop herbivorous animal husbandry.To promote the production of safe and green animal products according to the changes of residents’ dietary structure and nutritional needs. We will carry out pilot experiments on the development of modern herbivorous animal husbandry in different regions, and carry out pioneering explorations in the adjustment of planting and breeding structure, moderate scale operation and cultivation, financial and credit support, and improvement of grassland contract management system. Vigorously promote standardized scale breeding of herbivorous livestock, focus on disease prevention and control, accelerate the popularization of advanced and applicable technology models, focus on supporting the development of ecological recycling animal husbandry, and guide the formation of a new industrial structure for breeding in pastoral areas and fattening in agricultural areas. Implement the financial incentive and subsidy policy for cattle and sheep breeding counties.
　　Five, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, fight the battle of agricultural non-point source pollution control.
　　(sixteen) vigorously develop water-saving agriculture.Implement the strictest water resources management system, and gradually establish agricultural irrigation water consumption control and quota management system. Further improve farmland irrigation and drainage facilities, speed up the continuous construction and water-saving transformation of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, update and transform large and medium-sized irrigation and drainage pumping stations, promote the construction of new irrigation areas and small farmland water conservancy projects, and expand the effective irrigation area of farmland. Vigorously develop water-saving irrigation and fully implement regional large-scale and efficient water-saving irrigation. Carry out demonstration of water-saving agriculture in different regions, improve water-saving facilities and equipment in the field, and actively promote drought-resistant and water-saving varieties, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation, integration of water and fertilizer, deep ploughing and subsoiling, circulating aquaculture and other technologies. Actively promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices, rationally adjust agricultural water prices, and establish a precise subsidy mechanism. Carry out the investigation of fishery resources and environment, increase the intensity of proliferation and release, and strengthen the construction of marine pastures. Coordinate the promotion of water ecological protection and governance in river basins, increase support for comprehensive management of agricultural non-point source pollution, and carry out comprehensive prevention and control demonstrations of agricultural non-point source pollution in lakes and reservoirs such as Taihu Lake, Erhai Lake, Chaohu Lake, Dongting Lake and Three Gorges Reservoir Area.
　　(seventeen) the implementation of zero growth of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.Adhere to the reduction of chemical fertilizers to improve efficiency, pesticide reduction to control harm, establish and improve the incentive mechanism, and strive to achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and increase the utilization rate to over 40% by 2020. In-depth implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization, expand the use of formula fertilizer, encourage agricultural socialization service organizations to provide formula fertilization services to farmers, and support new agricultural business entities to use formula fertilizer. Explore the implementation of a reasonable ratio plan of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, encourage farmers to apply more organic fertilizer, support the development of new fertilizers such as high-efficiency slow (controlled) release fertilizer, and improve the proportion of organic fertilizer application and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Strengthen the management of pesticide use, strengthen source management, and standardize farmers’ use of pesticides. Fully implement the fixed-point management of highly toxic pesticides and establish a traceability system for highly toxic pesticides. We will carry out pilot projects for the use of low-toxic and low-residue pesticides, increase subsidies for high-efficiency large and medium-sized medical equipment, and promote accurate application and scientific use of drugs. Encourage agricultural socialized service organizations to provide guidance and services for farmers to use pesticides.
　　(eighteen) to promote the resource utilization of agricultural waste.Implement the environmental impact assessment system for large-scale livestock and poultry breeding. Start the demonstration project of agricultural waste resource utilization. Promote the integrated development model of large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, biogas production and farmyard manure production, support large-scale farms (districts) to carry out comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and support the construction of livestock and poultry manure treatment facilities; Promote the transformation and upgrading of rural biogas projects and carry out pilot projects for large-scale biogas production; Guide and encourage farmers to use livestock manure to accumulate farmyard manure. Support the demonstration of new technologies, such as straw collection machinery returning to the field, green and yellow storage for feed, microbial decay and curing carbonization, and accelerate the construction of straw collection, storage and transportation system. Expand the application of dry farming technology and support the use of thickened or degradable agricultural films; Carry out regional plastic film recycling and comprehensive utilization, support the construction of a number of waste agricultural film recycling and processing outlets, and encourage enterprises to recycle waste agricultural films. Accelerate the research and development and application of degradable agricultural films. Accelerate the establishment of a collection and treatment system for pesticide packaging waste.
　　Six, strengthen agricultural science and technology innovation, improve the level of scientific and technological equipment and the quality of workers.
　　(nineteen) to strengthen the independent innovation of agricultural science and technology.In accordance with the overall requirements of deepening the reform of science and technology system, we will further promote the reform of agricultural science and technology management system and improve innovation efficiency. Promote the construction of agricultural science and technology collaborative innovation alliance. Accelerate the construction of agricultural science and technology innovation capacity, start key scientific research projects in the agricultural field according to procedures, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in agricultural science and technology, and strive to break through common key technologies such as efficient utilization of agricultural resources and ecological environment restoration. Explore and improve the incentive mechanism for the distribution of rights and interests of scientific research achievements. Build a cloud platform for agricultural science and technology services to improve the efficiency of agricultural technology extension services. We will further promote the rural science and technology entrepreneurship of science and technology commissioners, speed up the entry of science and technology into villages and households, and let farmers master more agricultural science and technology knowledge.
　　(twenty) deepen the reform of the seed industry system.On the basis of summarizing and perfecting the pilot work of the reform of the rights and interests distribution of seed scientific research achievements, gradually expand the scope of the pilot; We will improve the system of sharing achievements, improve the flow mechanism of scientific and technological resources and talents in seed industry to enterprises, and make seed enterprises bigger and stronger. The national financial research funds will be increased for basic public welfare research, and gradually reduced for agricultural research institutes and universities to carry out commercial breeding. Implement the modern seed industry upgrading project, strengthen the construction of national germplasm resources system, new plant variety testing system and regional variety testing system, increase the protection of germplasm resources, and improve the plant variety database. We will implement the policy of financial incentives and subsidies for major counties in grain crop seed production, actively promote the construction of three national breeding and seed production bases in Hainan, Gansu and Sichuan, and plan to build a number of regional breeding and seed production bases.
　　(twenty-one) promote the mechanization of agricultural production.Appropriately expand the pilot project of subsidy for subsoiling and soil preparation of agricultural machinery, vigorously promote conservation tillage technology, carry out full-scale mechanized demonstration of grain, cotton, oil and sugar production, and build a full-scale mechanized production technology system for major crops. We will improve the research and development support policies of agricultural mechanization technology and equipment suitable for China’s national conditions, focus on the mechanization of weak links, promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and promote the integrated application of technologies such as engineering, biology, information and environment. Explore and improve the implementation methods of agricultural machinery scrapping and updating subsidies.
　　(twenty-two) to accelerate the development of agricultural informatization.Carry out "internet plus" modern agricultural action. Encourage Internet companies to establish agricultural service platforms and strengthen the connection between production and marketing. Promote the mature and reproducible application mode of agricultural Internet of Things, and develop precise production methods. Vigorously implement the regional pilot project of agricultural Internet of Things, and accelerate the demonstration application of Internet of Things in facilities gardening, livestock and poultry aquaculture, quality and safety traceability and other fields. Strengthen the construction of the Internet of Things in the field of grain storage and transportation supervision. Support the research and development of a number of practical information technologies and products to improve the level of agricultural intelligence and precision. Strengthen the comprehensive agricultural information service capacity, improve the monitoring and early warning level of agricultural production factors, resources and environment, supply demand, cost and income, promote the application of agricultural big data, and improve the agricultural information release system. Vigorously implement the project of information entering villages and households, and study and formulate policies to support agricultural informatization. Accelerate the construction of a national rural informatization demonstration province.
　　(twenty-three) vigorously cultivate new professional farmers.Accelerate the establishment of a new professional farmer cultivation system with education and training, standardized management and policy support. Establish a public welfare farmer training system, carry out the new professional farmer training project in depth, and promote the farmers’ continuing education project. Strengthen the capacity building of farmers’ education and training system, deepen the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation and group-run schools, and promote the connection between academic qualifications, skills and entrepreneurship training. Encourage migrant workers and vocational college graduates to return to their hometowns to start businesses, and implement the modern young farmer plan and the rural practical talent training plan.
　　Seven, improve the quality and safety level of agricultural products, to ensure "safety on the tip of the tongue".
　　(twenty-four) the full implementation of agricultural standardized production.Strengthen agricultural standardization and improve the extension and service system. Accelerate the formulation and revision of pesticide and veterinary drug residue standards, formulate and promote a number of simple and easy-to-understand production technology operating procedures, continue to promote the construction of agricultural standardization demonstration zones, horticultural crop standard parks, livestock and poultry standardization demonstration sites and aquaculture demonstration sites, support new agricultural business entities to take the lead in standardized production, and realize the standardization of production facilities, processes and products. Actively promote production reduction and cleaner production technology, standardize production behavior, control the residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs, and purify the environment of producing areas.
　　(twenty-five) to promote the construction of agricultural brand.Strengthen policy guidance, create a fair and orderly market competition environment, carry out agricultural brand building and cultivation, promotion and marketing, and social publicity, and strive to create a number of influential agricultural brands with cultural connotations to enhance the value-added space. Encourage enterprises to register trademarks in the international market, and increase the overseas protection of trademarks and brand cultivation. Give play to the role of relevant industry associations, strengthen industry self-discipline and standardize enterprise behavior.
　　(twenty-six) to improve the quality and safety supervision ability of agricultural products.Carry out the activities of establishing quality and safety counties for agricultural products, and explore the establishment of effective supervision mechanisms and models. Strengthen the supervision of agricultural inputs according to law and crack down on all kinds of illegal additions. We will carry out pilot projects to trace the quality and safety of agricultural products, give priority to the inclusion of new agricultural business entities in the pilot scope, explore the establishment of quality certification and quality and safety traceability systems for producing areas, and promote the export of producing areas and market access. Establish a traceability information system for agricultural product quality and safety supervision, and promote the interconnection of various traceability platforms and the sharing of regulatory information. Strengthen environmental monitoring of agricultural products producing areas and agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring, and strengthen safety management of producing areas. Support the construction of harmless treatment facilities for sick and dead livestock and poultry, and accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism for operation. Strengthen the capacity building of agricultural law enforcement and supervision, improve the conditions of comprehensive agricultural law enforcement, and steadily increase financial support.
　　Eight, strengthen international cooperation in agriculture, and co-ordinate the two resources in the international and domestic markets.
　　(twenty-seven) to promote international capacity cooperation.Expand agricultural cooperation with countries and key regions along the "Belt and Road" and promote foreign cooperation in advantageous production capacity such as agricultural equipment and means of production. Improve the inter-ministerial joint meeting system of agricultural foreign cooperation. While making full use of the existing policy channels, we should study the supporting policies for agricultural foreign cooperation and accelerate the cultivation of internationally competitive agricultural enterprise groups. Actively guide foreign investors to invest in modern agriculture.
　　(twenty-eight) to strengthen the regulation of agricultural trade.Actively support the export of advantageous agricultural products. Improve the import control mechanism of agricultural products, improve the management of state-owned trade and tariff quotas of important agricultural products, grasp the import scale and pace, and make rational and effective use of the international market. Accelerate the construction of a global monitoring, early warning and analysis system for important agricultural products, build a basic data platform, and establish a medium-and long-term forecasting model and a graded early warning and response mechanism.
　　Nine, strengthen organizational leadership
　　(twenty-nine) to implement local responsibilities.The people’s governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should improve their understanding of the importance, complexity and long-term nature of changing the mode of agricultural development, enhance their sense of urgency and consciousness, strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, implement their work responsibilities, improve their working mechanisms, and effectively implement various tasks and measures; According to the requirements of this opinion, combined with local conditions, formulate specific implementation plans.
　　(30) Strengthen departmental cooperation.The Ministry of Agriculture should strengthen the organization and guidance on the transformation of agricultural development mode, closely track the progress of the work, and sum up and popularize the experience in time. The Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance should strengthen support for major policies, major projects and major projects. People’s Bank of China, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission should actively implement financial support policies. The Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and other departments should promptly introduce relevant supporting policies in accordance with the division of responsibilities.

the General Office of the State Council　　　　　　
July 30, 2015　　　

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Notice of the General Office of Emergency Management Department on Printing and Distributing the Outline of Occupational Qualification Examination for Intermediate Registered Safety Engineers and the

General Office of Emergency Management Department on Issuing

Outline of Vocational Qualification Examination for Intermediate Registered Safety Engineer

Notice of the Outline of the Professional Qualification Examination for Junior Registered Safety Engineers

Emergency room [2019] No.43

In order to do a good job in the professional qualification examination of intermediate and junior registered safety engineers, in accordance with the provisions of the professional qualification system of registered safety engineers and the implementation measures of the professional qualification examination of registered safety engineers (emergency [2019〕eightNo.), the Emergency Management Department organized the compilation of the Outline of the Professional Qualification Examination for Intermediate Registered Safety Engineers and the Outline of the Professional Qualification Examination for Junior Registered Safety Engineers, which were approved by the Ministry of Commerce, Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Transport and approved by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and are now issued for implementation.

Attachment:

1.Outline of occupation qualification examination for intermediate registered safety engineer

2.Outline of professional qualification examination for junior registered safety engineer

General office of emergency management department

2019yearfourmoon19sun

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Is the US-Russia game ＂fighting without breaking＂ a ＂nerve war＂？

　　At present, the game between the United States and Russia is getting worse and worse, which has attracted worldwide attention. The United States and Russia are deadlocked on the Syrian issue. In addition, anti-missile, nuclear disarmament and cyber security in Ukraine and Eastern Europe have also become flashpoints between the two countries. As a result, Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov bluntly said that "the US-Russia relationship has undergone fundamental changes, and the United States has not only made anti-Russian remarks, but also taken aggressive actions that pose a threat to Russian security."

　　As Lavrov said, the relationship between the United States and Russia has indeed changed. Is this the beginning of the "new cold war"? Some analysts believe that US-Russian relations have indeed entered a "new historical trough", and the two sides have comprehensively torn apart in various fields. Some media believe that the game between the United States and Russia is more like a "nerve war" of mutual pressure, each testing the other’s bottom line, but always maintaining a state of "fighting without breaking".

　　The game between the United States and Russia is getting worse and worse.

　　Recently, Russia’s relations with the United States and other western countries have turned sharply. Due to the escalation of contradictions between the United States and Russia on the Syrian issue, the United States announced the termination of contacts with Russia on the Syrian issue. The two sides immediately launched infighting at all levels to closely safeguard their own interests.

　　On October 3, the United States announced that it would suspend negotiations with Russia on the Syrian ceasefire and shelve its military plan to jointly fight terrorists with Russia.

　　Then, Russia sent more troops to Syria, the Russian State Duma passed a resolution to turn the Tartus port base into a permanent naval base, and the Russian Federal Council also approved the Russian air and space forces to station in Syria indefinitely. The Russian aircraft carrier Kuznetsov even came to the eastern Mediterranean to help defend the Russian troops and Syrian government forces stationed in Syria.

　　United Nations confrontation

　　On October 8, when the United Nations Security Council voted on two draft resolutions on Syria, the draft jointly drafted by France and Spain was rejected by Russia, while the draft proposed by Russia was rejected by France, Britain and the United States. The confrontation at the United Nations made the contradiction between Russia and western countries more open, and Putin cancelled his visit to France in a rage.

　　In the face of the western siege, Putin made a "combination boxing" and tried to break through: reopening Cuba’s listening station, returning to Cam Ranh Bay in Vietnam (these two places were the front positions of confrontation between the former Soviet Union and the United States during the Cold War), and even deploying iskander missiles with nuclear warheads in Kaliningrad, an enclave between Lithuania and Poland.

　　Fight "cyber warfare"

　　Of course, the United States has not spared Russia, and it has fought a "war of words" with it in cyberspace.

　　The U.S. Department of Homeland Security and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence named and accused the Russian government of being involved in hacking activities with the intention of interfering in the U.S. election. On the 14th, US Vice President Biden confirmed the plan of "cyber war" against Russia to the American media, and this incident was even more noisy.

　　In response, Russian officials responded strongly, saying that the US’s "cyber war" against Russia is a state cyber terrorism act and a direct threat to Russia.

　　The new iron curtain began to return from the cold war?

　　"Is the Cold War back?" Some British media said that with the escalation of verbal threats and actions of the United States and Russia, a new iron curtain began to come, and the competition between the United States and Russia for geostrategic advantages increased rather than decreased, giving people the feeling of the cold war.

　　However, analysts pointed out that despite the all-round confrontation between the two sides, the two countries have not entered the "new cold war." With its current economic size, Russia is unable to confront the United States, what’s more, neither Russia nor the United States has the will to mobilize the strength of the whole country to start a new cold war. At the same time, there are many contradictions between western countries, and there is no one voice to the outside world, so it is impossible to form a confrontation between groups of countries during the Cold War.

　　The general consensus of analysts is that, as nuclear powers with equal strength, even in the most intense stage of confrontation in history, Russia and the United States will avoid direct armed conflicts caused by accidental fire.

　　The United States and Russia fought a "nerve war" and put pressure on each other to "fight without breaking"

　　Although it is unlikely to return to the cold war pattern, some media believe that the game between the United States and Russia is more like a "nerve war" of mutual pressure, and it has always maintained a state of "fighting without breaking".

　　Russia’s "Viewpoint" published a commentary on the 12th, arguing that Russia-US relations have repeatedly experienced high-intensity collisions, such as fierce confrontation after the Ukrainian crisis, but both sides can return to a relatively peaceful state every time after the collision. This continuous contest is actually a "nerve war" that exerts pressure on each other.

　　According to the recent confrontation between the two countries in various fields, including conflicts between the United States and Russia in other countries involving their own interests, diplomatic notes, war of words, sanctions and anti-sanctions, and freezing relations in a certain field, but at the same time maintaining relations in other equally important fields. In this game, the two sides no longer compete for ideological victory, but closely safeguard their respective sovereign interests. Because of this, the two sides can always maintain relative restraint and dare not talk about war easily. Therefore, some Russian media believe that the two sides should find a way to ease the relationship despite the intensity and high risk. (Editor: Xue Bili’s text is compiled from Xinhuanet and Workers’ Daily)

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Inventory 2016： China’s agricultural and rural economy has achieved ＂two stabilities and three advances＂

　　 On December 18th, the staff raked tomatoes in the greenhouse of vegetable base of Jiacheng Industrial Group in Xinji Town, Changli County, Hebei Province. In recent years, in the process of promoting supply-side reform in Changli County, Hebei Province, around the concept of modern "big agriculture", the new model of "leading enterprises+professional cooperatives+markets+bases+farmers" has been popularized, and the road of agricultural industrialization has been taken to help farmers increase their income. According to reports, at present, the planting area of farmers’ facilities fruits and vegetables in this county is 135,000 mu, sweet corn is 100,000 mu, potato is 120,000 mu, and fish, shrimp and shellfish and seafood are cultivated in shallow sea beaches for 770,000 mu, and the agricultural industrialization operation rate is over 70%. Reporter Yang Shizhen photo

　　 Xinhuanet Beijing December 20 (Reporter Wang Wenpin) The expression "structural reform of agricultural supply side" first appeared at the Central Rural Work Conference at the end of 2015. The Central Economic Work Conference, which closed on December 16, once again mentioned the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, and stressed that increasing the supply of green and high-quality agricultural products should be placed in a prominent position. Looking back on China’s agricultural work this year, various reforms have been steadily advanced and made a strong start.

　　 The reporter learned from the Ministry of Agriculture that China’s grain output in 2016 reached 1,232.5 billion Jin, making it the second high-yield year in history, with sufficient supply of cotton, oil, sugar, meat, eggs, milk and aquatic products. China’s agricultural and rural economy shows a good trend of steady progress and steady progress, showing the characteristics of "two stability and three progress", that is, agricultural production is stable and farmers’ income is stable; The adjustment of agricultural structure has been promoted in an orderly manner, the green development of agriculture has made great strides, and rural reform has progressed steadily.

　　 Optimization of agricultural structure, adjustment by industry, highlighting quality and safety

　　 Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Agriculture has focused on nine key points. The first one is to focus on corn, promote the adjustment of planting structure, issue the national planting structure adjustment plan and the agricultural structure adjustment opinions in the farming-pastoral ecotone in the north, reduce the corn area in non-dominant areas such as "sickle bend", and expand the pilot scope of grain-bean rotation and grain-to-feed conversion.

　　 This year is also the first year to implement the new mechanism of "market acquisition" and "subsidy" for corn. The data show that the production of rice and wheat rations in China has remained stable, the corn with high inventory pressure has been reduced by more than 30 million mu, and the soybean area in short supply in the market has increased by more than 9 million mu.

　　 At the same time, this year, the structural adjustment of different industries was carried out. On the one hand, the structural adjustment of animal husbandry was promoted with the focus on pigs and herbivorous animal husbandry, the layout of pig breeding in the southern water network area was optimized, and the transfer of 16 million pigs was reduced. In addition, the dairy industry revitalization conference will be held to lead the dairy industry revitalization with the top 20 dairy industries in China as the leader; Promote the adjustment of fishery structure with the focus on protecting resources and reducing production and increasing income, issue guiding opinions on the transformation of fishery structure, and adjust the structure and regional layout of aquaculture varieties.

　　 In the optimization of agricultural structure, high quality and safety are also highlighted, the quality structure is optimized, and a series of measures are launched on the supply side of green products, which lays a solid foundation for further promoting the supply of green food.

　　 Since the beginning of this year, China has vigorously promoted standardized production, built 800 new fruit vegetable and tea standard gardens and created 6851 demonstration farms for livestock and poultry aquaculture. Solidly carry out the activities of establishing national agricultural product quality and safety counties, and name the first batch of 107 counties (cities) to speed up the construction of the whole process supervision and traceability system. Strengthen the brand building of agricultural products, and newly certify 13,000 products with "three products and one standard" (pollution-free agricultural products, green food, organic products and geographical indications). Strengthen the prevention and control of major animal diseases, and carry out the construction of epidemic-free areas and biosafety isolation areas. There was no major regional animal epidemic in 2016. In this year, the pass rate of routine monitoring of major agricultural products reached 97.5%, an increase of 0.4 percentage points year-on-year.

　　 Rural reform is progressing steadily, broadening the channels for farmers to increase their income.

　　 The reporter learned from the Ministry of Agriculture that this year, China’s rural reform was further deepened, and the introduction of the "separation of three powers" method of rural land opened another major institutional innovation after the household contract responsibility system. The contracted management right of rural land was registered and certified over 800 million mu, and the total number of new agricultural business entities exceeded 2.7 million, accounting for more than 30% of various forms of moderate scale operation area.

　　 At present, 33.3% of the farmland contracted by households in China has been transferred, and 66 million of the 230 million contracted households have more or less transferred their land. Implementing the separation of ownership, contracting right and management right is an institutional arrangement that adapts to the development of productive forces and the current reality. Recently, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Improving the Separation of Rural Land Ownership, Contracting Rights and Management Rights, which is in response to the structural changes in rural agricultural development in China.

　　 The reform of "separation of three powers" in contracted land and "three plots of land" in rural areas and the pilot reform of "two rights mortgage loan" go hand in hand, which also promotes the agricultural population to settle in cities and accelerates the process of transforming new citizens.

　　 The agricultural sector has also made efforts to broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income. On the one hand, it promotes the development of industrial integration, issues opinions on supporting the entrepreneurial innovation of people returning to the countryside to promote the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries with State-run documents, formulates and issues a national plan for the integrated development of agricultural product processing industry and rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, thoroughly implements the subsidy policy for primary processing of agricultural products, carries out demonstration creation, publicity and promotion of leisure agriculture, rural tourism and important agricultural cultural heritage, and organizes and implements pilot demonstration projects for rural industrial integration.

　　 On the other hand, we will promote poverty alleviation in rural industries, formulate guiding opinions for developing characteristic industries in poverty-stricken areas to promote accurate poverty alleviation, promote poverty-stricken counties to carry out pilot projects for overall and integrated use of financial agriculture-related funds, guide local governments to make good plans, formulate joint actions for developing characteristic agriculture in poverty-stricken areas around Beijing and Tianjin, carry out training for industrial development leaders in designated poverty-stricken areas, select a number of examples and models for accurate poverty alleviation in industries, and lead the poor people in key areas to get rid of poverty and increase their income.

　　 The latest data show that in the first three quarters of this year, the per capita disposable income of farmers actually increased by 6.5%, which was higher than that of urban residents in general, but the growth rate has obviously slowed down compared with previous years.

　　 Promoting Green Development of Agriculture and Improving Comprehensive Production Capacity

　　 Under the guidance of the concept of green development, this year, the agricultural sector has also strengthened its efforts in the treatment of non-point source pollution and outstanding problems in resources and environment. In 2016, the use of pesticides continued to grow at zero, the use of chemical fertilizers was close to zero for the first time since the reform and opening up, and some places achieved negative growth.

　　 Over the past year, China has focused on the goal of "one control, two reductions and three basics" and laid a solid battle for agricultural non-point source pollution control. While making up for the shortcomings of agricultural capital construction and improving the level of agricultural material, technology and equipment, all localities make up for the shortcomings of agricultural ecological environment, strengthen the protection and efficient utilization of agricultural resources, implement ecological protection and restoration projects of landscapes, forests and lakes, expand returning farmland to forests and grasslands, control agricultural non-point source pollution, and promote the green development of agriculture.

　　 According to reports, this year, China has built 11 high-standard water-saving agricultural demonstration zones, 200 demonstration counties for fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase, and 600 demonstration bases for integrated pest control and green prevention and control. Establish animal husbandry green development demonstration counties and fishery healthy breeding demonstration counties, and the proportion of aquatic healthy breeding demonstration areas will reach 51%. Start the establishment of an experimental demonstration area for agricultural sustainable development and explore a new model for agricultural green development.

　　 At the same time, the agricultural sector has carried out pilot projects for comprehensive utilization of livestock manure and pollution control of livestock aquaculture in Dongting Lake area. We will start comprehensive control of agricultural non-point source pollution in typical river basins such as Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, carry out pilot projects of comprehensive utilization of straw, and continue to promote pilot projects of black land protection in Northeast China, heavy metal pollution in South China and groundwater overexploitation in North China. Start the establishment of an experimental demonstration area for sustainable agricultural development and explore an effective model for green agricultural development.

　　 In terms of improving comprehensive production capacity, we will promote the demarcation of permanent basic farmland and complete the demarcation of permanent basic farmland around 106 key cities. Carry out the whole-process mechanization promotion of major crops, and create a number of full-process mechanization demonstration counties. The comprehensive mechanization rate of major crops cultivation and harvest reached 65%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over 2015.

　　 Recently, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Agriculture also jointly issued the "Reform Plan for Establishing a Green Ecology-oriented Agricultural Subsidy System", proposing for the first time that by 2020, an agricultural subsidy policy system and an incentive and restraint mechanism oriented to green ecology will be basically established to promote the rational utilization of agricultural resources and ecological environmental protection, so as to further improve the accuracy, directionality and effectiveness of agricultural subsidy policies.

　　 Han Changfu, Minister of Agriculture, said that in order to emphasize the high-quality, safe and green orientation, we should thoroughly implement the zero-growth action of chemical fertilizer agricultural use next year, comprehensively promote the resource utilization of agricultural wastes, earnestly tackle the outstanding problems of agricultural resources and environment, vigorously promote agricultural standardized production, and accelerate the construction of an agricultural subsidy mechanism oriented to green ecology.

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夜西安论坛, 西安品茶, 西安品茶资源, 西安桑拿, 西安耍耍, 西安高端外卖

In the field of hope ｜＂Internet of Things+Big Data＂ digital agriculture helps late rice planting

CCTV News:At present, Jiangxi has entered a busy period of late rice planting. The local government relies on digital agricultural technologies such as "Internet of Things+Big Data" to help late rice planting and make farming smarter and more efficient.

In yugan county, Jiangxi Province, farmers are planting late rice after harvesting more than 800,000 mu of early rice. Different from previous years, this year, farmers installed IOT terminals for newly purchased agricultural machinery. Equipment with positioning, transmission and recording functions can completely replace the agricultural hand. Only by setting the parameters, the unmanned seeder can carry out standardized operation with an error of less than two centimeters.

The Internet of Things is not only used in agricultural machinery, but in Sanping Village, yugan county, more than 3,000 mu of high-standard farmland has been digitally managed. More than 100 monitoring equipment distributed in each field can transmit dynamic information such as insect situation and seedling situation back to the command and dispatch system in real time, which is beneficial to farmers’ accurate operation and greatly improves the efficiency of field management.

This year, Jiangxi Province invested 200 million yuan to continuously promote the construction of big data platforms, and built 100 new agricultural Internet of Things demonstration bases to accurately improve agricultural production efficiency.

标签归档西安桑拿

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In the field of hope ｜＂Internet of Things+Big Data＂ digital agriculture helps late rice planting

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